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HCID 8254생성일: 2026년 10월 27일

Dimethyl Ether

https://huagongshe.com/ko/chemical/8254

Dimethyl Ether 분자 구조식

식별자 및 물리적 특성

CAS No.115-10-6
분자식C2H6O
평균 분자량46.07 g/mol
단동위원소 질량46.04186481 g/mol
SMILESCOC
InChIKeyLCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID8254
ChEMBLCHEMBL119178
ChEBICHEBI:28887
EC No.204-065-8
DTXSIDDTXSID8026937

화학 및 물리적 성질

XLogP0.1
극성 표면적9.2
수소 결합 공여자 수0
수소 결합 수용자 수1
회전 가능 결합 수0
무거운 원자 수3
형식 전하0
복잡도2.8
물질 분류Flammable agents - 4th degree
SolventsSolvents -> Ethers (<C12)
화장품PropellantSolvent
SpringerMaterials PropertiesSchoenflies notation
LogP(분배 계수)log Kow = 0.10
냄새Slight ethereal odorEther-like odor
밀도0.724 at -12.46 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than waterwill float1.91855 g/L at 1 atm and 25 °CRelative density (water = 1): 0.611.92 g/L0.61 g/cm3
Viscosity825 at 0 °C
Color/FormCOLORLESS GAS @ USUAL TEMP, BUT EASILY CONDENSIBLEColorless compressed gas or liquid
용해도1 vol water takes up 37 vol gasSol in ether, acetone, chloroformethyl alcoholSOL IN ORG SOLVENTS EXCEPT FOR POLYALCOHOLSSoluble in oxygenated solventsIn water, 4.6X10+4 mg/L at 25 °CSolubility in water, g/100ml: 2.4
CorrosivityNONCORROSIVE
인화점25 °F (NTP, 1992)-42 °F (closed cup)Flammable gas
녹는점-141.5 °C
끓는 점-24.8 °C

안전 및 규제

GHS 분류DangerH220: Extremely flammable gas [Danger Flammable gases]P203, P210, P222, P280, P377, P381, and P403 (click each P-code to see the statement)This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for < 0.1% (1 of 1497) of reports.H220 (99.7%): Extremely flammable gas [Danger Flammable gases]
규제 정보Chemical: Methane, oxybis-Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 (amended)Methane, 1,1'-oxybis- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Methane, 1,1'-oxybis- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 10-02-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15974Dimethyl ether: HSNO Approval: HSR000995 Approved with controlsThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)
운송 라벨(DOT)Flammable Gas
화재 위험Behavior in Fire: Containers may explode. Vapors are heavier than air and may travel long distance to a source of ignition and flash back. (USCG, 1999)· EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE.Extremely flammable. Gas/air mixtures are explosive.
화재 가능성DANGEROUSWHEN HEATED OR EXPOSED TO FLAME OR OXIDIZERS.ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION SHOULD BE ELIMINATED IN AREAS WHERE APPRECIABLE CONCN OF ETHER VAPOR MAY BE PRESENT IN NORMAL OPERATIONS, AS IN DRYING OVENS, OR WHERE THERE MAY BE ACCIDENTAL RELEASE OF THE ETHER...ONLY ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT OF EXPLOSION-PROOF TYPE (GROUP C CLASSIFICATION) IS PERMITTED TO BE OPERATED IN ETHER AREAS. ETHER SHOULD NOT BE STORED NEAR POWERFUL OXIDIZERS OR IN AREAS OF HIGH FIRE HAZARD. /ETHERS/
건강 유해성Inhalation produces some anesthesia (but less than that of ethyl ether), blurring of vision, headache, intoxication, loss of consciousness. Liquid or concentrated vapor irritates eyes. Contact of liquid with skin may cause frostbite. (USCG, 1999)· Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning, especially when in closed or confined areas.
유해성 요약In animal studies at lethal concentrations, dimethyl ether acts as a general anesthetic. [ChemIDplus] Liquid will cause frostbite. [CHRIS] Dimethyl ether is in the list of Some volatile substances which may be abused by inhalation published on the web site of the U.N. International Drug Control Programme, indicating its potential to cause narcosis in workers. [Reference #1] Caused slight intoxication at 50,000 ppm, some incoordination at 82,000 ppm, an unconsciousness at 200,000 ppm (after 17 minutes) in human volunteers[AIHA]
운송 번호 및 가이드(DOT)1033 115
반응성 그룹Ethers
EC 분류Symbol: F+R: 12S: (2)-9-16-33
UN 분류UN Hazard Class: 2.1
FIFRA 요건Residues of dimethyl ether are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used as a propellant in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops or to raw agricultural commodities after harvest.Residues of dimethyl ether are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used as a propellant in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to animals.
Reactivity AlertsHighly Flammable
소화Excerpt from ERG Guide 115 [Gases - Flammable (Including Refrigerated Liquids)]:Shut off supplyif not possible and no risk to surroundings, let the fire burn itself out. In other cases extinguish with dry powder, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep cylinder cool by spraying with water. Combat fire from a sheltered position.
응급 조치Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.ON FROSTBITE: rinse with plenty of water, do NOT remove clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
누출 비상 조치· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
응급 처치EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.General First Aid:
안전 보관Fireproof. Cool.
노출 관리 및 개인 보호· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).1000.0 [ppm]
소화 절차In case of fire: keep cylinder cool by spraying with water. Combat fire from a sheltered position. Shut off supplyif not possible and no risk to surroundings, let the fire burn itself outin other cases extinguish with dry powder, carbon dioxide.Stop flow of gas before extinguishing fire. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or "alcohol resistant" foam.If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.Water, foam, carbon dioxide, and dry chemical powders can be employed to control dimethyl ether fires. Fire extinguishers suitable for class C (Europe) or class B (United States) can be used. Endangered vessels must be cooled.
보관 조건Seperate from oxidizing materials. Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Avoid sunlight.KEEP IN CLOSED CONTAINER AWAY FROM HEAT & OPEN FLAME.Dimethyl ether is usually stored as a liquid under pressure.
정리 방법Eliminate all ignition sources. Stop or control the leak, if this can be done without undue risk. Use water spray to cool & disperse vapors, protect personnel, & dilute spills to form nonflammable mixtures. Control runoff & isolate discharged material for proper disposal.
비화재 누출 대응Excerpt from ERG Guide 115 [Gases - Flammable (Including Refrigerated Liquids)]:
처리 방법SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in soil or watereffects on animal, aquatic, and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations.This compound should be susceptible to removal from waste water by air stripping. /Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether/
누출 처리Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Remove all ignition sources.
체내 부담Dimethyl ether was detected in 1 of 12 samples of mothers breast milk from the cities of Bayonne NJ, Jersey City NJ, Bridgeville PA and Baton Rouge LA(1).
상호 작용Sometimes encountered as mole-per-mole complex with boron trifluoride which is said to be severe pulmonary irritant.
환경 거동TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 27(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.10(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that dimethyl ether is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of dimethyl ether from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.9X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 4450 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 4.6X10+4 mg/L(5). Volatilization of dimethyl ether from dry soil surfaces is expected(SRC) based upon this compound's vapor pressure(4). Biodegradation of dimethyl ether in soil is expected to be a slow process(SRC), based upon its slow biodegradation in an aqueous screening study(6).AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 27(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.10(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that dimethyl ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in the water column(SRC). Dimethyl ether is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3) based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.9X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 4450 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 4.6X10+4 mg/L(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2.4 hours and 2.8 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from the log Kow(2) and a regression derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation of dimethyl ether in water is expected to be a slow process(SRC), based upon its slow biodegradation in an aqueous screening study(8).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), dimethyl ether, which has a vapor pressure of 4450 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), will exist solely as a gas in the ambient atmosphere. Gas-phase dimethyl ether is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals and nitrate radicals(SRC)half-lives for these reactions in air are estimated to be 5.4 and 123 days, respectively(3,4). Direct photolysis is not expected to be an important removal process since aliphatic ethers do not absorb light in the environmental spectrum(5).
식품 조사 수치Dimethyl ether was identified, but not quantified, as a volatile flavor component of baked Idaho Russet Burbank potatoes by one of two analytical techniques(1).
유해 작용Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndrome
노출 경로The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.
Milk ConcentrationsDimethyl ether was detected in 1 of 12 samples of human mothers breast milk from the cities of Bayonne NJ, Jersey City NJ, Bridgeville PA and Baton Rouge LA(1).
독성 요약DME has very low acute inhalation toxicity. The 4-hour LC50 in rats is 164,000 ppm, and the cardiac sensitization threshold in dogs was greater than 200,000 ppm. In repeated inhalation rat studies of up to two years, DME was not carcinogenic and produced minimal toxicity at 25,000 and 10,000 ppm, and the NOAEC was 2000 ppm. DME was not teratogenic in pregnant rats up to 40,000 ppmhowever, slight maternal and fetal toxicity were observed at greater than 5000 ppm. DME was not mutagenic in vitro or in vivo. The primary inhalation exposure finding was reversible CNS depression.
생태독성 발췌/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Poecilia reticulata (Guppy) /NOEC/ value: >4000 mg/L. Method: NEN 6504semistatic. With respect to rapid volatilization of DME, sealed flasks were used for the testing. Renewal of test solutions occurred after 48 hours. A total of 14 animals per concentration were tested in 2 replicates (7 animals/bottle x 2 bottles). ...All fish survived the dosages studied (nominal concentrations of 1900 and 3200 mg/L). pH: 7.3-7.5 at the end of the testdissolved oxygen: saturated at study start 4.5-6.9 at the end of the testtemperature 23 °C./AQUATIC SPECIES/ Daphnia magna /NOEC/ value: >4000 mg/L. Method: NEN 6501. With respect to rapid volatilization of DME, sealed flasks were used for the testing. A total of 12-14 animals per concentration were tested in 2 replicates (6-7 animals/bottle x 2 bottles). ...All animals survived the dosages studied (nominal concentrations of 1000 and 3200 mg/L). pH: 7.3-8.1 at the end of the testdissolved oxygen: saturated at study start >8 at the end of the testtemperature 20 °C.
Signs and SymptomsCough. Sore throat. Confusion. Drowsiness. Unconsciousness.ON CONTACT WITH LIQUID: FROSTBITE.Redness. Pain.
Effluent ConcentrationsDimethyl ether has been detected in 2 out of 63 samples of industrial effluents collected from a wide variety of industries across the U.S. at concn >100 ug/L (dates not reported)(1). It was qualitatively detected in primary treated municipal wastewater and sludge collected in 1983 from the Iona Island treatment plant in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada(2). Dimethyl ether was identified, not quantified, as a frequently emitted VOC in the UK in 1990(3).
Medical Surveillance... Persons repeatedly exposed to appreciable concentrations should undergo periodic medical examinations.
대기 기준This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. N,N-dimethyl ether is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart.
DHS Chemicals of Interest (COI)Methyl ether110000Flammable chemical that can be released at a facility.
운송 번호(UN)UN 1033
위험 등급2.1