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HCID 8577생성일: 2026년 11월 4일

Ammonium Picrate

https://huagongshe.com/ko/chemical/8577

Ammonium Picrate 분자 구조식

식별자 및 물리적 특성

CAS No.131-74-8
분자식C6H2N3O7.NH4
평균 분자량246.13 g/mol
단동위원소 질량246.02364854 g/mol
SMILESO=[N+]([O-])c1cc([N+](=O)[O-])c([O-])c([N+](=O)[O-])c1.[NH4+]
InChIKeyPADMMUFPGNGRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID8577
EC No.205-038-3
DTXSIDDTXSID50872815

화학 및 물리적 성질

극성 표면적162
수소 결합 공여자 수1
수소 결합 수용자 수7
회전 가능 결합 수0
무거운 원자 수17
형식 전하0
복잡도292
물질 분류Other Uses -> ExplosivesFlammable agents - 3rd degree
LogP(분배 계수)-1.4
맛Bitter
밀도1.719 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than waterwill sink1.721.72 g/cm³1.72 @25 °C
Color/FormBright yellow scales or orthorhombic crystals"red modification" is not a distinct polymorph, but a slightly contaminated form of the yellow salt.
용해도Slightly soluble in alcoholIn water, 1 g/100 mL at 20 °CSolubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 1.1
DecompositionWhen heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of /nitroxides/.May decompose explosively on shock, friction, or concussion.Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced during decomposition of this material. /Ammonium picrate, dry/265 °C
녹는점Decomposes
Physical DescriptionAmmonium picrate, wetted with not less than 10% water appears as a slurry or sludge of yellow crystals in water. Will burn, although may be difficult to ignite. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion.Ammonium picrate, [dry] appears as a yellow crystalline solid. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during decomposition. Easily ignited and burns vigorously. May explode under prolonged exposure to fire or heat. The primary hazard is the blast effect of instantaneous explosion and not from flying projectiles and fragments.Bright yellow crystals[Merck Index]RED OR YELLOW CRYSTALS.
Other Experimental PropertiesPowerful oxidizerwhen heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of NOx.... Has the same properties as picric acid.

안전 및 규제

GHS 분류DangerH201: (Deleted) Explosivemass explosion hazard [Danger Explosives]P210, P230, P240, P250, P261, P264, P264+P265, P272, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P380, P372, P373, P401, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Not Classified
규제 정보Ammonium picrate: Does not have an individual approval but may be used as a component in a product covered by a group standard. It is not approved for use as a chemical in its own right.The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)
운송 라벨(DOT)Flammable SolidExplosive 1.1D
화재 위험Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Contain highly toxic NOx fumes.Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]:· Flammable/combustible material.Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Many reactions may cause fire or explosion. Risk of explosion on shock or on friction. Risk of explosion on contact with reducing agents.
화재 가능성Moderately flammable by spontaneous chemical reaction.If dry it is easily ignited and burns vigorously ... The wet material will burn, though it may require some effort to ignite.
건강 유해성An allergen. Irritating to eyes, skin and mucous membranes. Toxic via inhalation, ingestion and percutaneous absorption. Repeated low grade exposures may cause headache, pruritis, skin eruptions, yellowing of skin and conjunctiva, vomiting, diarrhea, and oliguria. Severe human poisonings, resulting from ingestion of one or two grams of material, may be characterized by gastroenteritis, hemorrhagic nephritis with anuria, acute hepatitis, progressive stupor, coma, and death. (USCG, 1999)Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]:· Some are toxic and may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Specifically, Dinitrophenol, wetted (UN1320)Dinitrophenolates, wetted (UN1321), Sodium dinitro-o-cresolate, wetted (UN1348)and Barium azide, wetted (UN1571) are known to be toxic.
유해성 요약Severe poisoning after ingestion of 1-2 grams results in gastroenteritis, kidney failure, hepatitis, coma, and death. [CHRIS] A skin and eye irritantMay cause skin sensitization and dermatitisAn explosive hazard[NJ-HSFS]
운송 번호 및 가이드(DOT)1310 113
반응성 그룹Nitro, Nitroso, Nitrate, and Nitrite Compounds, Organic
EC 분류R: 3-23/24/25S: (1/2)-28-35-37-45
UN 분류UN Hazard Class: 1
Special ReportsNational Research CouncilEvaluation of the Health Risks of Ordinance Disposal Waste in Drinking Water 58 pp. (1983). The US Navy's Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (BUMED) has suggested target interim maximal ammonium picrate levels in drinking water. The committee identified research that would provide a better basis for suggesting health criteria.MILLER KCTOXICITY AND ADVERSE EFFECTS OF AMMONIUM PICRATE. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHYREPORT, 12 PAGES (1973) ISS TIP-73-170-1192. THE TOXICITY AND ADVERSE EFFECTS OF AMMONIUM PICRATE AND PICRIC ACID ARE REVIEWED IN AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH 18 REF.
RCRA 요건P009As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when ammonium picrate, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to federal and/or state hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any container or inner liner used to hold this waste or any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5(e)).
소화Excerpt from ERG Guide 113 [Flammable Materials (Wet / Desensitized Explosive)]:Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]:Use water in large amounts, water spray, powder, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.
응급 조치Fresh air, rest.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer for medical attention.Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink.
누출 비상 조치· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
응급 처치INHALATION: Move victim to fresh air. If breathing has stopped, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]:General First Aid:
안전 보관Separated from incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.
Firefighting HazardsThe primary hazard is from blast effect where the entire load can explode instantaneously and not from flying projectiles and fragments. /Ammonium picrate, dry/
노출 관리 및 개인 보호· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
소화 절차Use extreme care as ammonium picrate will explode when heated or shocked, especially when dry. This chemical is a flammable solid. Use flooding quantities of water, applied from a distance ... If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Notify local health and fire officials and pollution control agencies. From a secure, explosion-proof location, use water spray to cool exposed containers. If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increases in volume and pitch, tank discolors or shows any signs of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position ... The only respirators recommended for fire fighting are self-contained breathing apparatuses that have full facepieces and are operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode.If material on fire or involved in fire: Dangerously explosive. Do not fight fires in a cargo of explosives. Evacuate area and let burn.Evacuation: If the material in on fire or involved in fire consider evacuation of one (1) mile radius. /Ammonium picrate, dry/If material on fire or involved in fire: Dangerously explosive. Flood with water. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from, as far a distance as possible. /Ammonium picrate, wetted/Evacuation: If fire becomes uncontrollable - consider evacuation of one (1) mile radius. /Ammonium picrate, wetted/
보관 조건Incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong bases. Contact with air causes substance to give off corrosive anhydrous ammonia fumes. Outside, detached storage is recommended. Store to avoid heat, shock, or the presence of reducing materials. Use only non-sparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing containers of this chemical. Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames, are prohibited where this chemical is used, handled, or stored in a matter that could create a potential fire or explosion hazard.Store in an area without drain or sewer access.
정리 방법Consult an expert! Evacuate danger area! Personal protection: particulate filter adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.Spill handling: evacuate persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until clean-up is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Flood area with water. Keep material wet. Do not dry sweep. Keep ammonium picrate out of a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the potential for an explosion, unless the sewer is designed to prevent the build-up of explosive concentrations. Ventilate area after clean-up is complete. It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Contact your Department of Environmental Protection or your regional office of the federal EPA for specific recommendations.
비화재 누출 대응Excerpt from ERG Guide 113 [Flammable Materials (Wet / Desensitized Explosive)]:Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]:
처리 방법Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P009, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.May be poured onto soda ash, packaged in paper, and burned. May also be mixed with flammable solvent and sprayed into an incinerator equipped with afterburner and scrubber.
생태독성 수치LC50 Lepomis macrochirus 220 mg/l/96 hr static bioassay in freshwater at 23 °CLC50 Menidia beryllina 66 mg/l/96 hrstatic bioassay in synthetic seawater at 23 °C
유해 작용Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.
노출 경로The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.
독성 요약IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Ammonium picrate is found as bright yellow scales or orthorhombic crystals. The red form is not a distinct polymorph, but a slightly contaminated form of the yellow salt. It has a bitter taste. It is used in explosives, in fireworks and rocket propellants. It is used in pyrotechnics and explosive compositions. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Ammonium picrate can pass through the skin. This chemical is moderately irritating to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. This chemical can irritate the eyes, and skin and is an allergen. Ingestion can cause a bitter taste, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, skin eruptions, stupor, and possible death. Breathing high levels can damage the kidneys, liver, and red blood cells. Urine may become reddish, scant, or even stopthere may be drowsiness, coma, and even death. Long Term Exposure: Repeated exposure can cause the skin and eyes to turn yellow, skin allergy, liver, kidney, and blood cell damage. The most common occupational health problem was dermatitis, which was thought to be due to sensitization and not primary irritation by the picrate. Upper respiratory disease was negligible and systemic toxicity was not recognized among the workers. The cutaneous lesions appeared usually on the exposed parts of the upper extremities. Persons least exposed seemed more liable to acquire dermatitis, which did not develop in those engaged in operations where there was the heaviest exposure. Ammonium picrate can produce nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, staining of the skin, dermatitis, circular eruptions of the skin, coma, and seizures. ANIMAL STUDIES: Ammonium picrate was examined for mutagenic activity in a series of in vitro microbial assays employing Salmonella typhimurium and Saccharomyces cerevisiae indicator organisms. The compound was tested over a series of concentration such that there was either quantitative or qualitative evidence of some chemically induced physiological effects at the high dose. The results of the mutagenicity tests were all negative. Ammonium nitrate is harmful to aquatic organisms.
생태독성 발췌/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Harmful to aquatic organisms.
Signs and SymptomsBurning sensation. Cough. See Ingestion.Redness. Roughness.Redness. Pain. Blurred vision.Abdominal pain. Diarrhoea. Headache. Dizziness. Nausea. Vomiting. Weakness. Red urine.
ICSC Environmental DataThe substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.
Human Toxicity Excerpts/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Short Term Exposure: Ammonium picrate can pass through the skin. This chemical can irritate the eyes and skin and is an allergen. Ingestion can cause a bitter taste, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, skin eruptions, stupor, and possible death. Breathing high levels can damage the kidneys, liver, and red blood cells. Urine may become reddish, scant, or even stopthere may be drowsiness, coma, and even death. Long Term Exposure: Repeated exposure can cause the skin and eyes to turn yellow, skin allergy, liver, kidney, and blood cell damage./SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ The most common occupational health problem was dermatitis, which was thought to be due to sensitization and not primary irritation by the picrate. Upper resp disease was negligible and systemic toxicity was not recognized among the workers. The cutaneous lesions appeared usually on the exposed parts of the upper extremities. Persons least exposed seemed more liable to acquire dermatitis, which did not develop in those engaged in operations where there was the heaviest exposure./SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ... Can produce nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, staining of the skin, dermatitis, circular eruptions of the skin, coma, and seizures.
Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts/GENOTOXICITY/ Ammonium picrate was examined for mutagenic activity in a series of in vitro microbial assays employing Salmonella and Saccharomyces indicator organisms. The compound was tested over a series of concn such that there was either quantitative or qualitative evidence of some chemically-induced physiological effects at the high dose (1000 ug/plate). The results of the mutagenicity tests were all negative.
Probable Routes of Human ExposureIn a study of the effects of ammonium picrate, in 71 individuals engaged in work with explosives and exposed to air concentration varying from 0.008 to 0.195 mg/cu m.
Antidote and Emergency TreatmentImmediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Inorganic acids and related compounds/Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist respirations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. Activated charcoal is not effective. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Do not attempt to neutralize because of exothermic reaction. Cover skin burns with dry, sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Inorganic acids and related compounds/Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Early intubation, at the first sign of upper airway obstruction, may be necessary. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's(LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Inorganic acids and related compounds/
RAIS Toxicity Values0.002SCREEN Current0.006PPRTV Current
CERCLA 보고 수량Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 10 lb or 4.54 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).
DHS Chemicals of Interest (COI)Ammonium picrateA Commercial Grade5000400Explosive chemical that can be released at a facility.