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Toxic Gases & Vapors -> Chlorosilanes

Corrosives

1.19 (EPA, 1998) - Denser than water; will sink

1.1866 g/cu cm at 20 °C

1.18 @ 20°C

401 °F at 760 mmHg (EPA, 1998)

206.5 °C

205 °C @760 [mm Hg]

The silanes decomp at elevated temp to liberate hydrogen and deposit a high purity silicon, which leads to some of the principal uses of silanes. /Silanes/

Hydrogen chloride and phosgene gases may form; both are toxic and irritating.

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /chlorine/.

1 mmHg at 96.26 °F (EPA, 1998)

0.49 mm Hg at 25 °C (extrapolated)

Methylphenyldichlorosilane appears as a colorless liquid. Insoluble in water and denser than water. Flash point between 70-140 °F. Corrosive to skin and eyes and may be toxic by inhalation and skin absorption. Used to make other chemicals.

Liquid

Colorless liquid; [HSDB]

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.5% (1 of 190) of reports.

Danger

H302 (75.8%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 190 reports by companies from 8 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Chemical: Silane, dichloromethylphenyl-

Benzene, (dichloromethylsilyl)- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Benzene, (dichloromethylsilyl)- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

REACH registered substance: Dichloro(methyl)(phenyl)silane (EC: 205-746-2)

Dichloromethylphenylsilane: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

When heated to decomposition, it emits toxic fumes of chlorine-containing compounds. Flammable/combustible material; may be ignited by heat, sparks, or flames. Vapors may travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Container may explode in heat of fire. Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Fire may produce irritating or poisonous gases. Reacts strongly with oxidizing materials. (EPA, 1998)

· Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily.

Flammable, moderate fire risk; reacts strongly with oxidizing materials.

With a little ammonia, it forms a self-igniting product. /Chlorosilanes/

Certain strong corrosives may, on contact with organic matter or other chemicals, cause fire... /Corrosive substances/

The chemical is toxic and is an irritant. Contact may cause burns to the skin and eyes. (EPA, 1998)

· TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death.

Produces hydrogen chloride when spilled in water; [ERG 2016] A corrosive substance that can cause injury to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes; [HSDB] Highly flammable; Reacts vigorously with water evolving hydrogen chloride; May cause burns to skin and eyes; [CAMEO] A corrosive substance that can cause injury to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract; Inhalation may cause chemical pneumonitis; [MSDSonline]

Chlorosilanes, such as METHYLPHENYLDICHLOROSILANE, are compounds in which silicon is bonded to from one to four chlorine atoms with other bonds to hydrogen and/or alkyl groups. Chlorosilanes react with water, moist air, or steam to produce heat and toxic, corrosive fumes of hydrogen chloride. They may also produce flammable gaseous H2. They can serve as chlorination agents. Chlorosilanes react vigorously with both organic and inorganic acids and with bases to generate toxic or flammable gases.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

Warning: Dichloromethylphenylsilane releases hydrochloric acid on contact with moisture and is extremely corrosive to the skin and mucous membranes. Caution is advised.

General First Aid:

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

If material on fire or involved in fire: do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped; use water in flooding quantities as fog; solid streams of water may be ineffective; cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water; apply water from as far a distance as possible; use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide; keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.

Vapors are heavier than air and will collect in low areas. Vapors may travel long distances to ignition sources and flashback. Vapors in confined areas may explode when exposed to fire. Containers may explode in fire. Storage containers and parts of containers may rocket great distances, in many directions. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters.

SRP: Operations involving entry into tanks or closed vessels, and emergency situations, require consideration of potentially oxygen deficient, or "immediately dangerous to life and health" IDLH environments. This may necessitate use of a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), or a positive pressure supplied air respirator.

Methylphenyldichlorosilane must be stored to avoid contact with oxidizers (such as perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, chlorates, and nitrates) since violent reactions occur. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat, water, and steam. Methylphenyldichlorosilane can give off corrosive hydrogen chloride gas on contact with water, steam, or moisture. Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames, are prohibited where methylphenyldichlorosilane is handled, used, or stored.

All containers, pipes, apparatus, installations, and structures used for the manufacture, storage, transport, or use of these substances must be of material resistant to corrosive substances or be protected by suitable coatings ... All containers or receptacles should be clearly labelled to indicate their contents and should bear the danger symbol for corrosives. /Corrosive substances/

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Evacuate and restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until cleanup is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Ventilate area of spill or leak. Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, peat, carbon, or a similar material and deposit in sealed containers. Keep this chemical out of a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion, unless the sewer is designed to prevent the build-up of explosive concentrations. It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in a manner that results in no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose of, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance procedures to confirm the efficacy of the cleaning procedures should be implemented prior to the decontaminated protective clothing being returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing (including shoes/socks) should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. Ensure that the local ventilation moves the contaminant away from the worker.

Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for Dichloromethylphenylsilane (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 156 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]:

Immediate precautionary measure

When spilled in water

When spilled in water

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Acute inhalation exposure may result in sneezing, choking, laryngitis, dyspnea (shortness of breath), respiratory tract irritation, and chest pain. Higher exposure can cause pulmonary edema, a medical emergency that can be delayed for several hours. This can cause death. Bleeding of nose and gums, ulceration of the nasal and oral mucosa, pulmonary edema, chronic bronchitis, and pneumonia may also occur. If the eyes have come in contact with dimethyldichlorosilane, irritation, pain, swelling, corneal erosion, and blindness may result. Dermatitis (red, inflamed skin), severe burns, pain, and shock generally follow dermal exposure. Inhalation irritates mucous membranes. Severe gastrointestinal damage may occur. Vapors cause severe eye and lung injury. Upon short contact, second and third degree burns may occur. Signs and symptoms of acute ingestion of dimethyldichlorosilane may be severe and include increased salivation, intense thirst, difficulty swallowing, chills, pain, and shock. Oral, esophageal, and stomach burns are common. /Dimethyldichlorosilane/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Inhalation irritates mucous membranes. Contact with liq causes severe burns of eyes and skin ... Vapors cause severe irritation of eyes and throat and can cause eye and lung injury. They cannot be tolerated even at low concn. Causes second- and third-degree burns on short contact ...

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Causes severe eye and skin burns. Serious health hazard. May be harmful if inhaled. Irritating to eye, skin, and respiratory system. /Dimethylchlorosilane/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Short Term Exposure: methyphenyldichlorosilane is a corrosive chemical and can cause severe eye and skin burns. Methylphenyldichlorosilane can affect you when breathed in. Inhalation can cause respiratory tract irritation. Higher exposures may cause pulmonary edema, a medical emergency that can be delayed for several hours. This can cause death. Long Term Exposure: may cause bronchitis to develop.

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ /Chlorosilanes,/ considered non-corrosive in their natural, dry state, may become corrosive when in contact with water or moisture of skin and mucous membranes ... During ... hydrolysis, corrosive halogen compounds are released. /Chlorosilanes/

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ /When instilled/ ... into the eyes of rabbits all these compounds, /methyl and ethyl chlorosilanes/, even at very low doses (0.05 mL), caused severe burns of cornea and eyelids ... /When applied/ to the skin of rabbits the region attacked by chlorosilanes blanches and blisters appear; action is more marked the damper surface of skin. /Chlorosilanes/

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Hydrogen chloride AEGL values were adopted as AEGL values for monochlorosilanes, AEGL values for dichlorosilanes were derived by dividing the hydrogen chloride AEGL values by a molar adjustment factor of two, AEGL values for the title trichlorosilanes were derived by dividing the hydrogen chloride AEGL values by a molar adjustment factor of three, and AEGL values for tetrachlorosilane were derived by dividing the hydrogen chloride AEGL values by a molar adjustment factor of four.

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ All these compounds, even in very low doses ... caused severe burns of cornea and eyelids ... /After/ application to the skin of the rabbit the region attacked by chlorosilanes blanches and then blisters appear ... /Chlorosilanes/

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Although chemical-specific data are not available for many of the ... chlorosilanes, acute inhalation data from rat studies are available for structurally-similar chlorosilanes (n-propyltrichlorosilane, methyltrichlorosilane, vinyltrichlorosilane, ethyltrichlorosilane, methylvinyldichlorosilane, methyldichlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, dimethylchlorosilane, trimethylchlorosilane, and tetrachlorosilane). These data suggest that the acute toxicity of chlorosilanes is due to the hydrogen chloride hydrolysis product; acute toxicity of the chlorosilanes is both qualitatively (based on clinical signs) and quantitatively (based on molar equivalents of hydrogen chloride) similar to that of HCl. Complete hydrolysis of one mole of a monochlorosilane would yield a maximum of one mole of hydrogen chloride. Complete hydrolysis of a dichlorosilane would yield a maximum of two moles of hydrogen chloride, complete hydrolysis of a trichlorosilane would yield a maximum of three moles of hydrogen chloride, and complete hydrolysis of tetrachlorosilane would yield a maximum of four moles of hydrogen chloride. /Chorosilanes/

Silane compounds decompose upon contact with water or steam to produce heat and toxic and corrosive fumes of hydrogen chloride. Silane ignites spontaneously in air(1,2). With a little ammonia, it forms a self-igniting product(1). /Chlorosilanes/

According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Report, the number persons of reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use for dichloromethylphenylsilane is 100-999; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 68 workers (45 of these were female) were potentially exposed to dichloroethylphenylsilane in the US(1).

Chlorosilane compounds' production and use as intermediates for silicone products may result in their release to the environment through various waste streams. However, these compounds decompose to release hydrogen chloride upon contact with water or steam. Therefore, volatilization, biodegradation, and bioconcentration are not expected to be important environmental fate processes. /Chlorosilanes/ (SRC)

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Silane, Chlorosilane, and Related Compounds/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal (refer to ingestion protocol in Section Three ... . Cover skin burns with sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Silane, Chlorosilane, and Related Compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Early intubation at the first sign of upper airway obstruction may be necessary. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Silane, Chlorosilane, and related compounds/

Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Dichloromethylphenylsilane is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 1,000 lbs.

Methylphenyldichlorosilane

A Commercial Grade

A Placarded Amount

Chemical or material that can be mixed with readily available materials.

Used to make silicone fluids, resins, and elastomers; Also used as a comonomer for silicone oil and rubber; [HSDB]

Toxic Gas from Spilling Chemical in Water [Category: Other]

Chem intermediate for silicone fluids, resins, and elastomers

Manufacture of silicones

Silicone oil/silicone rubber comonomer

2023: 1,000,000 - <8,500,000 lb

(1979) Probably > 2.27X10+6 g

(1981) Probably > 2.27X10+6 g

Silane, dichloromethylphenyl- is listed as a High Production Volume (HPV) chemical (65FR81686). Chemicals listed as HPV were produced in or imported into the U.S. in >1 million pounds in 1990 and/or 1994. The HPV list is based on the 1990 Inventory Update Rule. (IUR) (40 CFR part 710 subpart B; 51FR21438).

Production volumes for non-confidential chemicals reported under the Inventory Update Rule. [Table#5485]

For more U.S. Production (Complete) data for Dichloromethylphenylsilane (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Reaction of methyltrichlorosilane and phenylmagnesium bromide in anhydrous diethyl ether; condensation of methyldichlorosilane and benzene with boron trichloride as catalyst.

From chlorobenzene Grignard reagent and methyltrichlorosilane or from benzene and methyldichlorosilane.

Grignard reaction: phenylmagnesium chloride and trichlormethylsilane

All Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing

Benzene, (dichloromethylsilyl)-: ACTIVE