Nitrite (HCID 946)｜Huagongshe

개요

Nitrites, inorganic, n.o.s. appears as colorless solutions or crystalline solids. Denser than water. Contact may cause irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. May be toxic by ingestion. Used to make other chemicals.

이름 및 식별자

우선 이름: Nitrite
IUPAC: nitrite

이름 및 동의어

nitriteNitrite Ion14797-65-0Nitrite anionNitrite (NO2-)NitritesNitrous acid, ion(1-)Nitrite(1-)Nitrite ion (NO2-)Nitrogen dioxide ion(1-)Nitrogen peroxide ion(1-)DTXSID5024219

이름 더 보기

J39976L608CHEBI:16301RefChem:55716DTXCID704219NO2-MFCD00144923Nitrite as N @ 1000 microg/mL in H2ONitrite Standard: NO2- @ 1000 microg/mL in H2O

데이터베이스 식별자

CAS: 14797-65-0
PubChem CID: 946
DTXSID: DTXSID5024219
ChEBI: CHEBI:16301
UNII: J39976L608
Nikkaji: J95.225G

물성

구조 계산 물성

XLogP: -0.8
극성 표면적: 52.5 Å²
수소 결합 공여자 수: 0
수소 결합 수용자 수: 3
회전 가능 결합 수: 0
무거운 원자 수: 3
형식 전하: -1
복잡도: 7.5

실험 및 물리화학적 성질

Chemical ClassesNutrient

PesticidesPesticide -> EPA IRIS

Physical DescriptionNitrites, inorganic, n.o.s. appears as colorless solutions or crystalline solids. Denser than water. Contact may cause irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. May be toxic by ingestion. Used to make other chemicals.

안전 및 규제

유해성 정보

Regulatory Information · 2건

Hazard Traits - Hematotoxicity

Regulation (EC) No 257/2010

DOT LabelOxidizer

Fire HazardsExcerpt from ERG Guide 140 [Oxidizers]:

Health HazardsExcerpt from ERG Guide 140 [Oxidizers]:

Reactive GroupNitrate and Nitrite Compounds, Inorganic

Reactivity AlertsStrong Oxidizing Agent

안전 및 보호

Fire FightingExcerpt from ERG Guide 140 [Oxidizers]:

First AidExcerpt from ERG Guide 140 [Oxidizers]:

Nonfire Spill ResponseExcerpt from ERG Guide 140 [Oxidizers]:

Isolation and EvacuationExcerpt from ERG Guide 140 [Oxidizers]:

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)Excerpt from ERG Guide 140 [Oxidizers]:

독성 정보

Treatment · 1건

Methemoglobinemia can be treated with supplemental oxygen and methylene blue 1% solution administered intravenously slowly over five minutes followed by IV flush with normal saline. Methylene blue restores the iron in hemoglobin to its normal (reduced) oxygen-carrying state. (L1613)

Target OrgansHematologic

Health EffectsNitrite poisoning causes methemoglobinemia. Nitrites may cause pregnancy complications and developmental effects. They may also be carcinogenic. (L1137)

Exposure RoutesOral (L1137) ; inhalation (L1137)

Toxicity Summary · 1건

Nitrite causes the autocatalytic oxidation of oxyhemoglobin to hydrogen peroxide and methemoglobin. This elevation of methemoglobin levels is a condition known as methemoglobinemia, and is characterized by tissue hypoxia, as methemoglobin cannot bind oxygen. (A2450, L1613)

Signs and Symptoms · 1건

Nitrite poisoning causes methemoglobinemia. Symptoms include cyanosis, cardiac dysrhythmias and circulatory failure, and progressive central nervous system (CNS) effects. CNS effects can range from mild dizziness and lethargy to coma and convulsions. (L1137)

화학 및 산업

약리 정보

Metabolism/Metabolites · 1건

Intake of some amount of nitrates and nitrites is a normal part of the nitrogen cycle in humans. In vivo conversion of nitrates to nitrites can occur in the gastrointestional tract under the right conditions, significantly enhancing nitrates' toxic potency. The major metabolic pathway for nitrate is conversion to nitrite, and then to ammonia. Nitrites, nitrates, and their metabolites are excreted in the urine. (L1137)

용도 및 제조

UsesNitrates and nitrites are naturally produced and may also be found in pesticides. Exposure usually occurs from contact with contaminated soil, food water. Nitrates may also be found in certain drugs. (L1137)

Use ClassificationFood Additives -> COLOUR_RETENTION_AGENT; PRESERVATIVE -> JECFA Functional Classes