Sodium Cyanide → 2-Amino-2-(fluoromethyl)-5-methoxypentanenitrile

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Under an atmosphere of nitrogen, 3-methoxypropyl magnesium chloride is prepared from 3-methoxy-1-chloropropane (5.43 g, 50 mmol, prepared according to Haworth and Perkin, Chem. Zentralblatt II 1271 (1912) and magnesium turnings (1.22 g, 50 mmol) in dry THF (50 ml). The mixture is heated under reflux for 3 hours, then cooled to -30° C. and a solution of fluoroacetonitrile (2.95 g, 50 mmol) in THF (30 ml) is added during 20 minutes. After keeping the mixture at -30° C. for 1/2 hour more, a solution of sodium cyanide (4.9 g, 100 mmol) and ammonium chloride (8.09 g, 150 mmol) in water (100 mL), previously cooled to 0° C., is added and the mixture is stirred for 3/4 hours at room temperature. After saturating with sodium chloride, the THF layer is separated and the aqueous phase is extracted twice with ether. After drying (Na2SO4), the combined organic extracts are evaporated to give 2-fluoromethyl-2-amino-5-methoxyvaleronitrile (4.0 g) as a brown oil.

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