Water → 9H-xanthene-9-carbonitrile

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17.5 g (0.268 mol) of potassium cyanide are added in portions to a solution, heated at 50° C., of 24.2 g (0.122 mol) of xanthydrol in 420 ml of acetic acid. The reaction mixture is subsequently stirred at 60° C. for 2 hours and then cooled, poured onto 400 ml of water and extracted with ethyl acetate/hexane=1:1. The organic phases are washed with water, combined, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated on a vacuum rotary evaporator. Chromatography of the residue over silica gel using the mobile phase system hexane/ethyl acetate=19:1 and crystallization of the pure fractions from ether/petroleum ether gives 20.2 g (80%) of 9-cyano-xanthene, melting point 101° C. (compound (102), Table 1).

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