Malonic Acid → 3-(4-Methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)prop-2-enoic acid

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To a mixture of 4-methoxy-2-nitrobenzaldehyde (20 g, 0.11 mol) and malonic acid (28.8 g, 0.28 mol) in pyridine (200 mL) is added piperidine (1 mL, catalytic amount) and the mixture is refluxed at 125° C. under nitrogen for 12 h. After cooling to room temperature, the solvent is removed under reduced pressure and the residue is acidified with 1.5 N HCl. The product is extracted with EtOAc and the organic layer is washed with water and brine then dried over Na2SO4. The solvent is removed under reduced pressure to afford 16 g (65%) of the title compound as a pale brown solid. 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) δ 12.59 (bs, 1H), 7.91-7.93 (m, 1H), 7.68-7.72 (m, 1H), 7.56 (s, 1H), 7.31-7.33 (m, 1H), 7.46-7.50 (m, 1H), 3.87 (s, 3H).

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