Acetic Acid → 4-Bromo-2-fluoro-1,1'-biphenyl

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A solution of 96 grams (0.50 mole) of crude 4-bromo-2-fluoroaniline and 60.0 grams (1.0 mole) of glacial acetic acid in 100 ml of benzene is added dropwise over 7 hours to a mixture of 69.0 grams (1.0 mole) of sodium nitrite, 69 ml water, and 700 ml of benzene kept at 65° C. The mixture is then allowed to stir at 65° C. overnight (12 hours) under a nitrogen atmosphere. The cooled mixture is washed twice with 400 ml of 1 N hydrochloric acid, then heated under reflux overnight (13 hours) with 20 grams (0.36 mole) of iron powder, 250 ml of methanol, and 150 ml (1.8 moles) of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The resultant solution is cooled and the benzene layer is washed with 490 ml of water, and evaporated at 40° C./40 mm Hg. The resultant dark oil is distilled at 10 mm Hg pressure to obtain 64.6 grams (51.5%) of 4-bromo-2-fluorobiphenyl as the entire distillate of boiling point mostly ~132~141° C./8 mm. The product crystalizes on seeding.

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