Dimethylformamide → 1-(2-Cyanophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid, ethyl ester

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A mixture of the title 2 compound (2.710 g, 13.334 mmol, 1 eq), 2-fluorobenzonitrile (6.460 g, 50.336 mmol, 4 eq), potassium carbonate (3.686 g, 26.668 mmol, 2 eq), 18-Crown-6 (881 mg, 3.334 mmol, 0.25 eq) and dimethylformamide (13.33 mL, 1M) was stirred at 150° C. for a total of 31 hours. At 14 hours, more 2-fluorobenzonitrile (2.232 g, 18.429 mmol, 1.38 eq) was added and at 17 hours, additional 18-Crown-6 (400 mg, 0.113 eq) was added. The mixture was cooled and diluted with ethyl acetate. After filtration, the filtrate was washed with pH=4 buffer and saturated sodium chloride, dried (magnesium sulfate) and concentrated. The remaining material was chromatographed on silica gel eluting with Hexane:ether (8:1) to give the title compound (2.026 g, 50%).

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