Chloroquine → (2S)-2-methyl-N-((S)-1-phenylethyl)octanamide

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Bioassays. All bioassays were performed in duplicate, testing at 10, 2, 0.4, 0.08 and 0.016 μg/mL. Malaria bioassays were performed as previously reported by our program, using chloroquine as a positive control (IC50=80-100 nM). Chagas bioassays were performed following the protocol of Buckner et al, and using nifurtimox as a positive control (IC50 3-5 μg/mL). Leishmaniasis bioassays were performed using a method previously employed in our laboratory, based on parasite DNA fluorescence. In this latter assay, amphotericin-B was used as the positive control and had an IC50 value of 80 ng/mL. Cytotoxicity bioassays were performed following an MTT cell proliferation assay protocol with green monkey Vero kidney cells.

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