Ethanolamine → Ethanolamine Potassium Stearate Potassium Carbonate

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A mixed ethanolamine-potassium carboxylate surfactant system was formulated by reacting 10 grams of tallow acid (product T1 from Procter and Gamble) with 1.3 grams of ethanolamine in sufficient water in the presence of 40 grams of potassium stearate (Norac Inc.) and 40 grams of potassium carbonate to yield one litre of a viscous, cloudy suspension. FIG. 11 shows the shear viscosity of the suspension for shear rates in the range from 0.1 s−1 to 100 s−1 at temperatures from 25 to 120° C. The viscosity at a given shear rate increased with increasing temperature up to 60° C., whereupon further increases in the temperature caused the viscosity to decrease. The surfactant suspension clarified on heating, yielding a clear viscoelastic solution. At a temperature of 80° C., the surfactant solution generated a viscosity of 105 cP at a shear rate of 100 s−1.

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