Nitric Acid → 4-Nitrophenol

HRID 1076100Notes

Reaction equation

HRID 1076100 reaction equation
[C:1]1([OH:7])[CH:6]=[CH:5][CH:4]=[CH:3][CH:2]=1.[N+:8]([O-])([OH:10])=[O:9]>C1C=CC=CC=1>[N+:8]([C:4]1[CH:5]=[CH:6][C:1]([OH:7])=[CH:2][CH:3]=1)([O-:10])=[O:9]

Participants

4

Reactant 2

HCID 944Nitric AcidHCID 996Phenol

Product 1

HCID 9804-Nitrophenol

Reagents, catalysts & solvents 1

HCID 241BenzeneSolvent

Procedure

Phenol dissolved in benzene is nitrated continuously by means of 58% nitric acid and the organic layer containing the mixture of ortho- and para-nitrophenol is separated from the residual nitric acid by decantation. The acid organic layer is successively neutralised by means of an aqueous solution of sodium sulphite, distilled until the benzene is removed and treated with steam in order to remove ortho-nitrophenol by steam distillation. An aqueous distillation residue of para-nitrophenol is thus obtained, the composition of which is substantially as follows:

Workup

  1. additionthe organic layer containing
  2. customis separated from the residual nitric acid by decantation
  3. distillationdistilled until the benzene
  4. customis removed
  5. additiontreated with steam in order
  6. customto remove ortho-nitrophenol
  7. distillationby steam distillation

Sources & evidence

ORD record
ord-ea844010dc234878b042ea89e9fa4e19
Source dataset
uspto-grants-1976_05
Patent number
US03954892

Reaction notes

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