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HuagongsheHuagongshe Chemistry Print Report · For research reference only
HRID 1441118Generated: November 2, 2026

2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic Acid → Dihydro-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-furandione

https://huagongshe.com/reaction/1441118

Reaction equation

Participants

RoleNameHCIDCharge
Reactant2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic AcidHCID 875—
SolventTolueneHCID 1140—
ProductDihydro-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-furandioneHCID 11389406—

Reaction Steps

In the first step, a chiral tartaric anhydride is prepared by reaction of three equivalents of an acid chloride with tartaric acid according to the description in JACS 1933, 55, 2605, and is subsequently reacted with alkenamines at temperatures between 120° C. and 160° C. in suitable inert solvents, such as toluene.

Provenance & Evidence

DOI10.6084/m9.figshare.5104873.v1
Patent numberUS05502206
Source datasetuspto-grants-1996_03
ORD IDord-abf970c28a0142faa25ee8e3616e8095
Source noteuspto-grants-1996_03