Nitric Acid → 1-Nitroanthraquinone

Participants

Reaction Conditions

Reaction Steps

A mixture of 208 g of anthraquinone and 763 g of 99% strength nitric acid (molar ratio 1:12) is stirred at 45°C for 18 minutes and then diluted to an acid content of approx. 90% with 51 ml of water. 193 G of 98% strength nitric acid are then distilled off in vacuo, resulting in an acid content of approx. 87%, and a molar ratio of approx. 8:1, in the sump. The product which precipitates is filtered off, washed until neutral and dried. Fractional distillation of the product at 6 mm Hg and a head temperature of 267°C gives 165 g of a 99.4% pure 1-nitroanthraquinone (65% of theory).

Provenance & Evidence