Nitric Acid → 1-Nitroanthraquinone

Participants

Reaction Conditions

Reaction Steps

500 g of anthraquinone and 500 ml of 85 percent strength hydrogen fluoride are initially introduced into a 4 liter Venuleth vessel and stirred for 15 minutes. A mixture of 500 ml of hydrogen fluoride (85 percent strength) and 140 ml of nitric acid (98 percent strength) is added at room temperature over the course of 5 minutes. The bath temperature of the Venuleth vessel is then raised to 50°C and the mixture is stirred at this temperature for 8 hours. The hydrogen fluoride is largely stripped off in vacuo (approx. 50 mm Hg) at the same temperature. The residue is treated with water, filtered off, washed and dried. 610 g of nitro-anthraquinone of the following composition are obtained:

Provenance & Evidence