1-Butanol → Methane

Participants

Reaction Steps

A 32-fluid ounce d-limonene fluid mixture was prepared by combining 7.7 fluid ounces of d-limonene and approximately 1.0 ml of Triton® X-114 in a blender. The mixture was then agitated until bonded. Next, about 20.8 fluid ounces of butyl alcohol was added to the d-limonene/surfactant mixture and blended, afterwhich the temperature of the resulting mixture decreased and then increased again. Once the mixture bonded, about 3.5 fluid ounces of water was slowly added to the mixture. The mixture was blended until warm and then allowed to stand. After approximately 10 to 12 hours, the mixture was completely solubilized; i.e. the mixture had changed from a hazy mixture having separate layers to a clear, single phase mixture with only about 0.5 residue remaining on the bottom. This residue was filtered away from the final product. The resulting fluid mixture exhibited VOC emissions of 0.016 pounds per start resulting from charcoal ignition, which was in compliance with the South Coast Air Quality Management District standard.

Provenance & Evidence