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HuagongsheHuagongshe Chemistry Print Report · For research reference only
HRID 1676876Generated: October 30, 2026

1,10-Phenanthroline → 1-Phenyl-1H-benzoimidazole

https://huagongshe.com/reaction/1676876

Reaction equation

Participants

RoleNameHCIDCharge
Reactant1,10-PhenanthrolineHCID 1318—
ReactantBenzimidazoleHCID 5798—
ReactantCesium carbonateHCID 10796—
ReactantIodobenzeneHCID 11575—
CatalystCopper(1+) iodide; Copper(I) iodide; Cuprous iodide; Cuprous iodide (CuI)HCID 24350—
SolventDimethylformamideHCID 6228—
SolventHexaneHCID 8058—
Product1-Phenyl-1H-benzoimidazoleHCID 60666945%

Reaction Conditions

Temperature110 °C

Reaction Steps

In the dark, an oven-dried 50 ml round-bottomed flask containing a stir bar was charged with CuI (0.171 g, 0.1 eq.), benzimidazole (1.273 g, 1.2 eq.), and cesium carbonate (6.138 g, 2.1 eq.) respectively. The round-bottomed flask with the contents was sealed with septa and degassed with argon for 15 minutes. Iodobenzene (1 ml, 1 eq.), 1,10-Phenanthroline (0.323 g, 0.2 eq.), and dimethylformamide (25 ml) were then successively added into the round-bottomed flask under a continuous flow of argon. The reaction mixture was degassed with argon for 30 minutes. The reaction was stirred with heating via an oil bath at 110° C. for 24 hours in the dark under nitrogen. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and concentrated in vacuo. 10 ml of ethyl acetate was added into the concentrated reaction mixture. It was then filtered and washed with 30 ml of ethyl acetate. The filtrate was concentrated under vacuo to give the crude product. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (40% ethyl acetate:60% hexane as the eluent) providing 0.780 g of 1-Phenyl benzoimidazole (45% yield) as yellow liquid.

Provenance & Evidence

DOI10.6084/m9.figshare.5104873.v1
Patent numberUS08007926B2
Source datasetuspto-grants-2011_08
ORD IDord-6f9a457c9fc34a3b884c89d94625ec87
Source noteuspto-grants-2011_08