Hydrochloric Acid → (1R)-8-Chloro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-methyl-1H-3-benzazepine hydrochloride hemihydrate

Participants

Reaction Conditions

Reaction Steps

To a reactor equipped with an overhead stirrer and a nitrogen inlet was charged, in the specified order, 8-chloro-1-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepinium hemitartrate (1.00 kg containing 7.5 wt % water, 1.71 mol, 0.500 eq), potassium carbonate (0.508 kg, 3.68 mol, 1.076 eq), ethyl acetate (2.68 kg), and purified water (2.68 kg). The resulting mixture was stirred at 20-25° C. for 30-40 min, and then the phases were allowed to separate over 0.5-1 h. The lower (aqueous) phase was drained to waste disposal. Purified water (2.68 kg) was added to the reactor, and the resulting mixture was vigorously stirred for 10-20 min. The phases were allowed to separate over 1-1.5 h. The lower (aqueous) phase was drained to waste disposal. With the reactor contents at a temperature of 40-45° C., the solvent was removed by vacuum distillation at pressures falling from 153 torr to 46 torr. The residue was cooled to 20-25° C. Ethyl acetate (3.81 kg) was charged to the reactor, and the distillation residue was dissolved with stirring. The water content of the resulting solution was verified by Karl Fischer analysis to be <0.8 wt. %. The solution was filtered through a polishing filter. The reactor was rinsed through the filter with ethyl acetate (2.33 kg) previously verified by Karl Fischer analysis to have <0.05 wt. % water content. Both the solution and rinse filtrates were charged back into the reactor. Purified water (39.9 g) was added to the reactor. The stirred reactor contents were cooled to 0-5° C., and then HCl gas (19.0 g, 0.521 mol, 0.153 eq) was added while the stirred reactor contents were maintained at 0-5° C. (R)-8-chloro-1-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine hemihydrate seed crystals (1.33 g) were added to the stirred reactor contents to initiate nucleation at 0-5° C. HCl gas (107.6 g, 2.95 mol, 0.864 eq) was charged to the reactor at a steady rate over at least 1.5-2 h while the stirred reactor contents were maintained at 0-5° C. The resulting suspension was stirred at 0-5° C. for 2 hours. The resulting white precipitate was collected on a medium to fine filter element. The reactor and then the filtered solid product were washed with ethyl acetate (1.33 kg). The wet cake (ca. 867 g) was dried under reduced pressure and 33-37° C. for 20 h or until the cake temperature had been stable for 4 h, whichever occurred first. The resulting (R)-8-chloro-1-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine hemihydrate hydrochloride (3.7 wt. % water content, 14.7% chloride content, <0.01% ROI, >99.6% ee, >99% HPLC purity, and <0.1% wrong isomer content) was obtained in a yield of about 741 g (89.9%).

Provenance & Evidence