反应详情

A mixture of 3.36 g (1.0 eq) of 4-(4-carbomethoxyphenyl)butanal, 1.29 g (1.2 eq) of malononitrile, 0.05 g of D,L-alanine, 1 mL of glacial acetic acid, and 60 mL of benzene is refluxed with azeotropic removal of water. After 3 hours, about 85% of the theoretical amount of water should be formed and removed. The mixture then is cooled to room temperature and poured into water. The aqueous layer is extracted twice with benzene and the combined organic layers are dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. Chromatography with 1:1 ethyl acetate:hexanes and concentration of the eluant yield methyl 4-(5,5-dicyanopentyl)benzoate as an oil. IR (film) max ν max 2240, 1718, 1615, 1280, and 1110 cm-1 ; 1H NMR (CDCl3) delta 7.99 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 2H, Ar), 7.24-7.29 (m, 3H, Ar, vinyl), 3.90 (s, 3H, --CH3), 2.79 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 2H, benzyl), 2.60-2.64 (m, 2H, --CH2C=C), 1.94-1.97 (m, 2H, --CH2 --).

1. customremoved
2. additionpoured into water
3. extractionThe aqueous layer is extracted twice with benzene
4. dry with materialthe combined organic layers are dried over sodium sulfate
5. filtrationfiltered
6. concentrationconcentrated under reduced pressure