Gamma-Butyrolactone → Butanal

Participants

Reaction Conditions

Reaction Steps

The following experiments illustrate the effect of water on the reaction rate and product distribution. Into a one-half gallon autoclave was charged 300 grams butyrolactone, 50 grams water, 2 grams 1,4-diazabicyclo(2.2.2)octane, 2 grams triphenylphosphine and 0.4 gram rhodium chloride. The autoclave was closed, purged with nitrogen and 104 grams of propylene were introduced. Thereafter equal volumes of carbon monoxide followed by hydrogen were introduced to raise the pressure 600 psi. The autoclave was heated to 190° F. and maintained at that temperature for 6 minutes, then cooled, depressured and opened. The liquid products were distilled to obtain 90.5 grams normal butyraldehyde and 21.7 grams isobutyraldehyde (ratio of 4.17).

Provenance & Evidence