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9.44 g (57.5 mmol, 1.0 equiv.) of 4-propylbenzoic acid were partially dissolved in 50 mL conc. H2SO4 and chilled in an ice bath. A solution of 4.7 mL (74.7 mmol, 1.3 equiv) conc. HNO3 in 10 mL conc. H2SO4 was added dropwise over 1-2 min. After stirring 1 hour at 0° C., the reaction mixture was poured into a 1 L beaker half full with ice. After stirring 10 minutes, the white solid which formed was filtered, washed 1×H2O, and dried to give 12.01 g (100%) of the title compound: mp 106-109° C.; IR (KBr) 3200-3400, 2966, 2875, 2667, 2554, 1706, 1618, 1537, 1299, 921 cm−1; 1H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) d 0.90 (t, 3H, J=7.4 Hz), 1.59 (m, 2H), 2.82 (m, 2H), 7.63 (d, 1H, J=8.0 Hz), 8.12 (dd, 1H, J=1.7, 8.0 Hz), 8.33 (d, 1H, J=1.7 Hz); 13C NMR (75.5 MHz, DMSO-d6) d 14.2, 23.7, 34.2, 125.4, 130.5, 132.9, 133.6, 141.4, 149.5, 165.9; Anal. calcd for C10H11NO4.¼H2O: C, 56.20; H, 5.42; N, 6.55. Found: C, 56.12; H, 5.31; N, 6.81.

1. temperaturechilled in an ice bath
2. additionthe reaction mixture was poured into a 1 L beaker half full with ice
3. stirringAfter stirring 10 minutes
4. customthe white solid which formed
5. filtrationwas filtered
6. washwashed 1×H2O
7. customdried