Sarsagenin → Spirostan-3-ol

HRID 356786Notes

Reaction equation

[CH3:1][C@@H:2]1[CH2:30][O:29][C@@:5]2([O:9][C@H:8]3[CH2:10][C@H:11]4[C@@H:16]5[CH2:17][CH2:18][C@@H:19]6[CH2:24][C@@H:23]([OH:25])[CH2:22][CH2:21][C@:20]6([CH3:26])[C@H:15]5[CH2:14][CH2:13][C@:12]4([CH3:27])[C@H:7]3[C@@H:6]2[CH3:28])[CH2:4][CH2:3]1.C[C@H]1CO[C@@]2(O[C@H]3C[C@H]4[C@@H]5CC[C@H]6C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]6(C)[C@H]5CC[C@]4(C)[C@H]3[C@@H]2C)CC1>>[CH3:28][C@@H:6]1[C@:5]2([O:29][CH2:30][CH:2]([CH3:1])[CH2:3][CH2:4]2)[O:9][C@H:8]2[CH2:10][C@H:11]3[C@@H:16]4[CH2:17][CH2:18][CH:19]5[CH2:24][CH:23]([OH:25])[CH2:22][CH2:21][C@:20]5([CH3:26])[C@H:15]4[CH2:14][CH2:13][C@:12]3([CH3:27])[C@@H:7]12

Participants

Reactant 2

HCID 92095Sarsagenin

HCID 99516Tigogenin

Product 1

HCID 3035446Spirostan-3-ol

Procedure

Preferred additional components include saponins. Saponins are a class of compounds, each consisting of a sapogenin portion and a sugar moiety. The sapogenin may be a steroid or a triterpene and the sugar moiety may be glucose, galactose, a pentose, or a methylpentose. S. Budavari, ed., The Merck Index, 11th ed., Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, N.J., 1990, p. 1328. Saponins for use in the present formulation include sterol glycosides widely distributed in plants, wherein each saponin consists of a sapogenin and at least one sugar moiety. The sapogenin comprises a steroid or a triterpene and the sugar moiety may comprise glucose, galactose, pentose, or methylpentose. The saponins for use in the present invention can be produced and/or isolated from various plant parts including fruit, leaf, seed and/or root, using means known in the art, from a variety of sources including the various plants known to produce them, ranging from yucca, quillaja, agave, tobacco, licorice, soybean, ginseng and asparagus to aloe woods. Saponins for use in the present invention are preferably non-toxic to humans and higher animals. Most preferably the saponin for use in the present invention is nontoxic food grade, the source being from yucca plants with the most preferred being derived from Yucca schidigera or Y valida and their equivalents. Saponins from Yucca schidigera contain steroidal saponins with the major sapogenins being sarsapogenin and tigogenin. The sarsaponin yields on hydrolysis, sarsasapogenim (sarsasapogenim 5-beta, 20-betaF, 22-deltaF, 25-betaF; also known as spirostan-3-beta-01 and parigenin), glucose and galactose. The sarasapogenim has a molecular formula of C27H44O3. Nobel, Park S., Agaves, Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1994. Accordingly, derivatives of these compounds which produce a formulation having the desired pest growth controlling properties are considered equivalents of the invention. Saponins have diverse activities which are attributable to the chemical make-up of a particular saponin and most typically are dependent on the source form which the saponin is derived. For example, saponins derived from Japanese Camilla control the growth of mosquito larvae. Saponins from sources other than Yucca plants can be used as active agents in insecticidal compositions. As appropriate, it is preferable to select a saponin that increases the pest growth controlling effect of a formulation as compared to a formulation that excludes the saponin.

Workup

customisolated from various plant parts
customto produce them

Sources & evidence

ORD record: ord-22be6c9c687b4b2aa95026f0b44a48f4
Source dataset: uspto-grants-1998_11
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104873.v1
Patent number: US05839224

Reaction notes

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