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HuagongsheHuagongshe Chemistry Print Report · For research reference only
HRID 36584Generated: October 26, 2026

Formaldehyde → Ethyl 2,2-difluoro-3-hydroxypropanoate

https://huagongshe.com/reaction/36584

Reaction equation

Participants

RoleNameHCIDCharge
ReactantFormaldehydeHCID 712—
ReactantAmmonium ChlorideHCID 25517—
ReactantEthyl bromodifluoroacetateHCID 69585—
CatalystZincHCID 23994—
SolventTetrahydrofuranHCID 8028—
ProductEthyl 2,2-difluoro-3-hydroxypropanoateHCID 2758828—

Reaction Steps

A mixture of paraformaldehyde (4.5 g, 50 mmol), ethyl difluorobromoacetate (10.2 g, 50 mmol) and activated zinc dust (3.3 g, 40 mmol) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was heated under reflux for 0.5 h. Then the mixture was treated with a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium chloride and extracted with diethyl ether. After usual work-up the desired compound ethyl 2,2-difluoro-3-hydroxypropionate was obtained by flash chromatography on silica gel (ethyl acetate:hexane; 25:75) (4.1 g, 53%).

Provenance & Evidence

DOI10.6084/m9.figshare.5104873.v1
Patent numberUS05416076
Source datasetuspto-grants-1995_05
ORD IDord-07cd20d9a5744d628778aeaa05aa92ac
Source noteuspto-grants-1995_05