t-Butylacrylamide → t-butylacrylamide 4-styrenesulfonic Acid Sodium Salt

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In a 250 mL Morton flask (fitted with mechanical stirrer, thermometer, and oil bath heating) under argon atmosphere were combined 4-styrenesulfonic acid sodium salt hydrate (0.10 g), t-butylacrylamide (Aldrich, 9.9 g), α-olefin sulfonate surfactant (Rhodia, Rhodacal A-246/L, 12.5 g of a ca. 40% aqueous solution), and water (175 g). The mixture was stirred and heated in a 90° C. oil bath until an internal temperature of ca. 75° C. was obtained, and then solid initiator (K2S2O8, Aldrich, 0.20 g) was added all at once. The appearance of the aqueous monomer slurry changed quickly over a period of 1-4 minutes, with the solid dissolving to form a nearly transparent, bluish scattering emulsion. The mixture was stirred and heated in a 100° C. oil bath for an additional 2 h (internal temperature of 93° C.) to decompose the excess initiator. The mixture was cooled with stirring, and filtered to remove any suspended solid. Yield 196.2 g of emulsion, pH ca. 3 to pH paper, 8.07% solids, particle size=9.3 nm Rh, by DLS, (2nd cumulant analysis PDI=0.10).

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