反应详情

Ammonium nitrate (39.6 g, 0.49 mol) is added portionwise to a chilled (ice-bath) solution of 4-ethylaniline (20 g, 0.16 mol) in concentrated sulfuric acid (100 ml, maintaining the temperature 10° to 0° C. by external cooling. The reaction mixture is stirred for two hours, then poured onto crushed ice, and the precipitate is collected by filtration. The solid is taken up in water, the solution made neutral by addition of dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and the extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic extracts are combined, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and the filtrate evaporated in vacuo to give 4-ethyl-3-nitroaniline (20 g).

1. temperaturemaintaining the temperature 10° to 0° C. by external cooling
2. additionpoured
3. customonto crushed ice
4. filtrationthe precipitate is collected by filtration
5. additionthe solution made neutral by addition of dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide solution
6. extractionthe extracted with ethyl acetate
7. dry with materialdried over anhydrous sodium sulfate
8. filtrationfiltered
9. customthe filtrate evaporated in vacuo