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HuagongsheHuagongshe Chemistry Print Report · For research reference only
HRID 435833Generated: October 29, 2026

Toluene → Styrene

https://huagongshe.com/reaction/435833

Reaction equation

Participants

RoleNameHCIDCharge
ReactantTolueneHCID 1140—
ReactantAzobisisobutyronitrileHCID 6547—
SolventMethanolHCID 887—
ProductStyreneHCID 7501—
Product2-Vinyl-2-imidazolineHCID 82736—

Reaction Conditions

Temperature60 °C

Reaction Steps

A solution of 17.0 parts 2-vinyl-2-imidazoline, 43.0 parts of styrene and 140.0 parts of toluene is prepared in a suitable polymerization vessel equipped with means for stirring and deaeration and temperature controls. After deaeration for 1 hour with a stream of nitrogen, the temperature is raised to 60° C. and polymerization is initiated by the addition of 100 ppm (based on total weight of imidazoline) of azobisisobutyronitrile as a 1.0% solution in methanol. After allowing the polymerization to proceed overnight at a temperature of 60°-70° C., the polymer is precipitated from the resulting viscous solution by pouring it into an excess of methanol with vigorous stirring. The resultant yellowish colored polymer is redissolved in toluene and then reprecipitated once more by pouring into methanol. IR and NMR analysis of dried polymer show about 75 mole percent styrene and 25 mole percent 2-vinyl-2-imidazoline incorporated into the copolymer. A sample of the polymer is an effective sizing agent for 50/50 Albacel-Astracel pulp (bleached hardwood-softwood Kraft pulp).

Provenance & Evidence

DOI10.6084/m9.figshare.5104873.v1
Patent numberUS04006247
Source datasetuspto-grants-1977_02
ORD IDord-613c6588ae5947129afe166ea46f3b80
Source noteuspto-grants-1977_02