Nitric Acid → 1-Nitroanthraquinone

Participants

Reaction Steps

208 g of anthraquinone are introduced into 1208 g of 99% nitric acid at 0° with stirring (mole ratio 19:1). After a reaction time of 110 minutes at 0°, the temperature is rapidly reduced to -20° to stop the reaction. 1797 g of 63.8% nitric acid (crystallisation acid 77%, γHNO3 = 0.483) are then slowly added for crystallisation. When the crystallised product has been filtered, it is washed with a little 70% nitric acid, freed from nitric acid and subjected to vacuum rectification at 5 Torr and a head temperature of 262°. 176.3 g of 99% 1-nitroanthraquinone are obtained (69% of the theoretical amount).

Provenance & Evidence