Nitric Acid → 1-Nitroanthraquinone

Participants

Reaction Steps

208 g of anthraquinone are introduced with stirring into 99% nitric acid which is at a temperature of 45° (955 g, mole ratio 15:1). The isothermal reaction is then stopped after 9 minutes by rapid addition of 100 ml of water. Crystallisation is then brought about by slowly adding a further 105 ml of water (crystallisation acid 79%, γHNO3 = 0.500). The crystallisate is separated, washed with a little 75% nitric acid, freed from nitric acid adhering to it under a vacuum and fractionally distilled under a vacuum (5 Torr, head temperature 265°). 160.4 g of 99.4% pure 1-nitroanthraquinone are obtained (63% of the theoretical amount).

Provenance & Evidence