Nitric Acid → 1-Nitroanthraquinone

Participants

Reaction Steps

208 g of anthraquinone are introduced into 1145 g of 99% nitric acid (mole ratio 18:1) at 25° with cooling and the reaction mixture is stirred for 25 minutes. The reaction is then stopped by rapidly distilling off 693 g of 99% nitric acid and the product is precipitated by slowly cooling the reaction mixture to 0°. After washing with dilute nitric acid, the product is freed from nitric acid and distilled together with 800 g of paraffin oil at 30 Torr with a head temperature of between 250° and 300°. 1-Nitroanthraquinone which precipitates from the condensate is filtered off and freed from paraffin oil by washing with petroleum ether. 163 g of 98.9% pure 1-nitroanthraquinone are obtained (63.5% of the theoretical amount).

Provenance & Evidence