Water → 4-Fluoro-2-nitrobenzoic acid

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A mixture of 4-fluoro-2-nitrotoluene (25.0 g, 161 mmol), potassium permanganate (102 g, 645 mmol) and water (500 mL) was heated and stirred at 100° C. for 3 hours. The solution was allowed to cool to room temperature, filtered through Celite to remove the insoluble derived from potassium permanganate. The filtrate was washed with diethylether and made acidic by the addition of conc. hydrochloric acid, and organic matter was extracted with diethylether. The extract was washed with saturated brine and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to give the title compound (10.1 g, 34% yield).

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