Triammonium citrate → Triammonium citrate dextrose

Participants

Reaction Steps

Powdered dextrose monohydrate (1800 lbs) and powdered anhydrous citric acid (300 lbs) were combined in a 2000-gallon mixing tank that contained 743.2 gallons of soft water. To this mixture were added 52.9 gallons of 19% aqueous ammonia under agitation, and agitation was continued for approximately 30 minutes to achieve complete dissolution of solids. To the resulting solution were added 9 lbs of SILQUEST A-1101 silane to produce a pH ˜8 solution (using pH paper), which solution contained approximately 25% dissolved dextrose monohydrate and dissolved ammonium citrate solids (as a percentage of total weight of solution); a 2-g sample of this solution, upon thermal curing at 400° F. for 30 minutes, would yield 15% solids (the weight loss being attributed to dehydration during thermoset binder formation). The solution was stirred for several minutes before being transferred to a binder hold tank from which it was used in the manufacture of glass fiber insulation, specifically, in the formation of a product called “air duct board.”

Provenance & Evidence