Benzene → Nitrobenzene

Participants

Reaction Steps

Sulfuric acid was added to a chloroform solution containing the benzene. To the solution was then added nitric acid, and the mixture was heated at a temperature of 50° C. for five hours. After completion of the reaction, the organic layer was neutralized with a 5% aqueous potassium carbonate solution, washed with water, and dried on magnesium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated to give a white solid. The white solid was recrystallized in petroleum-derived ethanol to give nitrobenzene. The obtained nitrobenzene was allowed to react with hydrogen gas at a temperature of 200° C. in the presence of a nickel catalyst so that aniline was obtained.

Provenance & Evidence