Back
HuagongsheHuagongshe Chemistry Print Report · For research reference only
HRID 531897Generated: October 25, 2026

Potassium Carbonate → 2-(12H-11,12-diazaindeno[2,1-a]fluoren-11-yl)benzenethiol

https://huagongshe.com/reaction/531897

Reaction equation

Participants

RoleNameHCIDCharge
ReactantPotassium CarbonateHCID 11430—
Reactant2-IodothiophenolHCID 10955536—
Reactant11,12-Dihydroindolo[2,3-a]carbazoleHCID 11021497—
CatalystCopperHCID 23978—
CatalystCopper(1+) iodide; Copper(I) iodide; Cuprous iodide; Cuprous iodide (CuI)HCID 24350—
SolventButyl etherHCID 8909—
Product2-(12H-11,12-diazaindeno[2,1-a]fluoren-11-yl)benzenethiolHCID 67405683—

Reaction Conditions

Temperature144 °C

Reaction Steps

25 g (96.6 mmol) of 11,12-dihydroindolo[2,3-a]carbazole are added to 12.5 g (48 mmol) of 2-iodobenzenethiol in 80 ml of di-n-butyl ether, and the solution is degassed. 6.6 g (0.105 mmol) of copper powder, 0.92 g (0.003 mmol) of copper(I) iodide and 14.6 g (106.6 mmol) of K2CO3 are subsequently added to the mixture, which is then stirred at 144° C. under protective gas for 4 days. The organic phase is dried over MgSO4, and the solvent is removed in vacuo. The residue is recrystallised from acetone and finally sublimed in a high vacuum. Yield: 22.5 g (61 mmol), 66% of theory, purity according to HPLC 89.4%.

Provenance & Evidence

DOI10.6084/m9.figshare.5104873.v1
Patent numberUS09356243B2
Source datasetuspto-grants-2016_05
ORD IDord-64b0f1b205d04e38aba6856fc47c6cf2
Source noteuspto-grants-2016_05