Triammonium citrate → Triammonium citrate dextrose

Participants

Reaction Steps

Powdered dextrose monohydrate (1200 lbs) and powdered anhydrous citric acid (200 lbs) were combined in a 2000-gallon mixing tank that contained 215 gallons of soft water. To this mixture were added 42.3 gallons of 19% aqueous ammonia under agitation, and agitation was continued for approximately 30 minutes to achieve complete dissolution of solids. To the resulting solution were added 6 lbs of SILQUEST A-1101 silane to produce a pH˜8 solution (using pH paper), which solution contained approximately 41.7% dissolved dextrose monohydrate and dissolved ammonium citrate solids (as a percentage of total weight of solution); a 2-g sample of this solution, upon thermal curing at 400° F. for 30 minutes, would yield 25% solids (the weight loss being attributed to dehydration during thermoset binder formation). The solution was stirred for several minutes before being transferred to a binder hold tank from which it was used in the manufacture of glass fiber insulation, specifically, in the formation of a product called “pipe insulation uncured.”

Provenance & Evidence