Reaction Steps
To a suspension of morphine (10.0 g, 35.1 mmol) in THF (200 ml), was added benzyl bromide (5.5 ml, 98%, 45.3 mmol) and sodium hydroxide (1.48 g, 37.0 mmol) at 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight. The reaction temperature rose gradually to rt. during the process. THF in the reaction mixture was removed on a rotary evaporator. The residue was dissolved in CH2Cl2 (150 ml) and water (50 ml). The organic layer was separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with CH2Cl2 (3×50 ml). The combined organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, evaporated in vacuo to obtain a crude product (13 g), which was dissolved in CH2Cl2 and loaded onto a silica gel column (3×30 cm). The column was first eluted with 3% methanol in CH2Cl2, followed by 5% methanol in CH2Cl2. Pure fractions were combined to obtain 3-benzylmorphine (7.9 g, 60% yield). IR (KBr)(ν, cm-1): 3540 (m, sharp, --OH), 3020 (m, sharp), 2900 (s, sharp), 1600 (m, sharp); NMR (βH)(CDCl3): 7.50-7.20 (5, m, --C6H5), 6.70(1, d, J, 8.1,2-H), 6.51 (1, dd, J, 8.1 & 0.9,1-H), 5.65(1, dm, J, 9.9,7-H), 5.26(1, dt, J, 9.9 & 2.5, 8-H), 5.12 (2, AB, OCH2Ph), 4.85 (1, dd, J, 6.6 & 1.2, 5-H), 4.22-4.05 (1, m, 6-H), 3.32 (1, dd, J, 6.2 & 3.3, 9-H), 3.02 (1, d, J, 18.6, 10-Hβ), 2.75-2.65 (1, m, 14-H), 2.75-2.65 (1, b, --OH), 2.58 (1, dm, J, 12.0,16-He), 2.5-2.3 (1, m, 16-Ha), 2.42 (3, s, N-CH3), 2.27 (1, dd, J, 18.6 & 6.6, 10-Hα), 2.05 (1, td, J, 12.1 & 5.3,15-Ha), 1.85 (1, dm, J, 12.5, 15-He).
