Benzene → Nitrobenzene

Participants

Reaction Steps

A mixture of benzene (25 ml) and Zn2+ montmorillonite (0.5 g) were taken in a 50 ml two-necked round-bottomed flask equipped with a Dean-Stark apparatus. Fuming nitric acid (17 ml) was added dropwise into the reaction mixture and the reaction mixture was heated to reflux where upon the required amount of liberated water is collected in the Dean-Stark apparatus which usually takes 2 hrs. Later on, the catalyst was filtered and the reaction mixture is concentrated to obtain nitrobenzene.

Provenance & Evidence