Participants
| Role | Name | HCID | Charge |
|---|
| Reactant | Formic Acid | HCID 284 | — |
| Reactant | Sulfuric Acid | HCID 1118 | — |
| Reactant | 1-Butene | HCID 7844 | — |
| Reactant | Levulinic Acid | HCID 11579 | — |
| Solvent | 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane | HCID 10907 | — |
| Product | Butyl levulinate | HCID 16331 | — |
Reaction Steps
A 5 cc autoclave is charged with 1 cc of iso-octane and 1 cc of an aqueous solution containing 2 mmoles of levulinic acid and 2 mmoles of formic acid. 5 wt. % sulfuric acid is added as a catalyst. The reactor is pressurized to 0.69 MPa with 1-butene and heated to 100° C. for 2 hours while maintaining a constant pressure of 1-butene. After cooling, the organic phase is separated. A mixture of butyl formate and butyl levulinate is formed as product.
Provenance & Evidence
| DOI | 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104873.v1 |
|---|
| Patent number | US07153996B2 |
|---|
| Source dataset | uspto-grants-2006_12 |
|---|
| ORD ID | ord-e7650c739dbe45d2bc04ace808cdc09e |
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| Source note | uspto-grants-2006_12 |
|---|
