Participants
| Role | Name | HCID | Charge |
|---|
| Reactant | Formic Acid | HCID 284 | — |
| Reactant | Sulfuric Acid | HCID 1118 | — |
| Reactant | 1-Butene | HCID 7844 | — |
| Reactant | Isobutylene | HCID 8255 | — |
| Reactant | Levulinic Acid | HCID 11579 | — |
| Solvent | Heptane | HCID 8900 | — |
| Product | Butyl levulinate | HCID 16331 | — |
Reaction Steps
A 5 cc autoclave is charged with 1 cc of heptane and 1 cc of an aqueous solution containing 2 mmoles of levulinic acid and 2 mmoles of formic acid. 5 wt. % sulfuric acid is added as a catalyst. The reactor is pressurized to 0.69 MPa with 1-butene and heated to 150° C. for 0.5 hours while maintaining a constant pressure of isobutene. After cooling, the organic phase is separated. A mixture of butyl formate and butyl levulinate is formed as product.
Provenance & Evidence
| DOI | 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104873.v1 |
|---|
| Patent number | US07153996B2 |
|---|
| Source dataset | uspto-grants-2006_12 |
|---|
| ORD ID | ord-1d6ee168588945a4bc26e9f769dd8797 |
|---|
| Source note | uspto-grants-2006_12 |
|---|
