Water → Maleic acid anilide

Participants

Reaction Conditions

Reaction Steps

To a 300 ml flask equipped with a water separator connected to reflux condenser, stirrer and a thermometer, 15.44 g of maleic anhydride (hereinafter abbreviated as MAN), 70 ml of xylene (hereinafter abbreviated as Xy) and 10 ml of dimethylformamide (hereinafter abbreviated as DMF) were charged. A mixture of 13.97 g of aniline (hereinafter abbreviated as AN) and 20 ml of xylene was added with stirring at 80° C. at a constant rate over 15 minutes and further aged for 15 minutes to obtain N-phenylmaleamic acid as a white slurry. To the slurry, 0.530 g (2.5% by mole per mole of MAN) of stannous oxide (hereinafter abbreviated as SnO) was added and the mixture was heated to reflux with stirring. Water generated by the reaction was removed by azeotropic distillation and the reaction was carried out at about 140° C. for 3.5 hours. The white slurry of PMA gradually dissolved as the dehydration reaction progressed and an orange yellow solution was obtained from which the catalyst component precipitated.

Provenance & Evidence