Acrylamide → Acrylamide

Participants

Reaction Steps

To a 1000 cc reaction kettle was added 18.38 grams of acrylamide AMD (53% aqueous solution), 66.36 grams of dimethylaminoethyl acrylate methyl chloride quaternary (80% aqueous solution), 27.45 grams of N,N-dimethyl acrylamide (99%), 90.00 grams of ammonium sulfate, 7.5 grams of the homopolymer of dimethylaminoethyl acrylate methyl chloride quaternary (AETAC, CAS 44992-01-0); 7.5 grams of a terpolymer of acrylamide with (AETAC) and with a quaternary ammonium salt obtained by the reaction of benzyl chloride and dimethylaminoethyl acrylate (AEBAC, CAS 7737-18-5) in a 2/1/1 molar ratio; 0.50 grams of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid; pentasodium salt (Versenex 80, 40% aqueous) and 231.61 grams of deionized water. The mixture was stirred until a homogeneous solution was obtained. The kettle was sealed and equipped with an overhead stirrer, thermocouple, reflux condenser, nitrogen sparge tube, addition port with septum and a heating mantle. The mixture was then heated to 50° C. under constant nitrogen sparge while stirring at 500 rpm. After reaching 50° C, 0.50 grams of a 1% aqueous solution of 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride (Wako V-50) was shot into the reactor and the temperature was held for four hours. A second shot of 1.00 gram of 1% aqueous solution of 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride was then added and heating was continued for another two hours to yield a smooth, milky white dispersion. After cooling to room temperature, the bulk viscosity was found to be 732 cps. Diluting the dispersion to 0.5% active polymer in deionized water produced a polymer solution with a Brookfield viscosity of 100 cps.

Provenance & Evidence