基本信息
- 标准SMILES
[Li]CCCC- InChIKey
MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N- 分子式
- C4H9Li
- 平均分子量
- 64.1 g/mol
- 单同位素质量
- 64.08642872
名称与标识
- 首选名称
- Butyllithium
- 中文名
- 正丁基锂
- 英文名
- n-Butyllithium
- 分子式
- C4H9Li
- 分子量
- 64.06
名称与别名
展开更多名称
数据库标识
- CAS
109-72-8- PubChem CID
- 53627823
性质
结构计算性质
- 极性表面积
- 0 Ų
- 氢键供体
- 0
- 氢键受体
- 0
- 可旋转键
- 1
- 重原子
- 5
- 形式电荷
- 0
- 复杂度
- 4
实验与物化性质
Physical Description
Wet Solid; Liquid
Available in solution of C5 to C7 hydrocarbons; [Hawley] In cyclohexane solution: Water-white to pale yellow liquid with a petroleum-like odor; [CAMEO] In n-hexane solution: Yellow liquid; [MSDSonline]
物理化学性质
- 熔点
- -95 °C · -95 °C
- 沸点
- 80 °C · 80 °C
- 密度
- 0.68 g/mL · 0.68 g/mL at 20 °C
- 蒸气压
- 163 hPa · 163 hPa ( 20 °C)
- 闪点
- 10 °F · 10 °F
- 储存条件
- 2 · 2-8°C
- 溶解度
- Miscible with diethyl ether and cyclohexane.
- 形态
- liquid
- 比重
- 0.695 · 0.695
- 颜色
- yellow
- 气味 (Odor)
- Odor of the solvent
- 爆炸极限值(explosive limit)
- 1.2 · 1.2-7.8% (v/v)
- 水溶解性
- vigorous reaction
- 敏感性
- Air & Moisture Sensitive
- 水解敏感性
- 8 · 8: reacts rapidly with moisture, water, protic solvents
- BRN
- 1209227 · 1209227
- InChI
- 1S/C4H9.Li/c1-3-4-2;/h1,3-4H2,2H3;
- InChIKey
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- SMILES
- [Li]CCCC
- LogP
- 1.25 · 1.25-2.31
- CAS 数据库
- 109 · 109-72-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
- NIST化学物质信息
- Butyl lithium(109-72-8)
- EPA化学物质信息
- Lithium, butyl- (109-72-8)
化学性质
正丁基锂,化学式 C4H9Li。分子量64.06。无色液体。也有呈粉状者。在空气中易自燃。沸点80-90℃(0.013Pa),比重0.765(25℃)。遇水分解。溶于戊烷、己烷、苯等多数有机溶剂。在乙醚溶液中呈 五聚体,发生缓慢反应,生成乙氧基锂、丁烷和乙烯。约在100℃时缓慢分解,150 ℃时迅速分解,主要产物为丁烯、丁烷和 氢化锂。由金属锂与溴代丁烷或氯代丁烷在己烷或乙醚中经低温反应制得。为重要的有机合成试剂,亦用作异戊二烯、丁二 烯、苯乙烯等的聚合催化剂和火箭燃料组分等。
安全与法规
GHS分类
GHS Classification
This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 16.1% (55 of 341) of reports.
Danger
H250 (83.9%): Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air [Danger Pyrophoric liquids];H260 (83%): In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously [Danger Substances and mixtures which in contact with water, emit flammable gases];H302 (10.6%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral];H314 (83.9%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation];H317 (10.6%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin];H318 (70.4%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]
P210, P222, P223, P231, P231+P232, P233, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P272, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P335+P334, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P333+P317, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P402+P404, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
Aggregated GHS information provided per 341 reports by companies from 14 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.;Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 55 of 341 reports by companies.;There are 13 notifications provided by 286 of 341 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).;Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.
危害信息
Regulatory Information
Chemical: Lithium, butyl-
Lithium, butyl- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Lithium, butyl- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)
Status: Active Update: 07-04-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/14573
Lithium, butyl-, 15% in hexane: HSNO Approval: HSR001268 Approved with controls
The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)
Hazards Summary
An irritant; Solid and solution highly flammable; Ignites in moist air; [Hawley] May cause burns; May ignite upon exposure to air; Reacts with water evolving heat and flammable gases; [CAMEO] Pyrophoric; Gives off flammable gas in contact with water; Corrosive to skin and eyes; [eChemPortal: ERMA] Liberates extremely flammable gases on contact with water; A corrosive substance that can cause injury to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract; Inhalation may cause chemical pneumonitis; [MSDSonline] See Lithium.
Hazard Classes and Categories
Pyr. Liq. 1 (83.9%);Water-react. 1 (83%);Acute Tox. 4 (10.6%);Skin Corr. 1 (83.9%);Skin Sens. 1 (10.6%);Eye Dam. 1 (70.4%)
Flammable liquids - Category 2;Pyrophoric liquids - Category 1;Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flamm - Category 1;Reproductive toxicity - Category 1A
Flammable liquids - Category 2;Pyrophoric liquids - Category 1;Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flamm - Category 1;Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 1;Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 1;Reproductive toxicity - Category 1A, Additional category: Effects on or via lactation;Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure - Category 1 (nervous system, respiratory organs), Category 3 (narcotic effects);Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure - Category 1 (nervous system, respiratory organs)
Flammable agents - 4th degree, Reactive agents - 2nd degree
CSL Reaction Information
CSL00127
Perfluorethyllithium + Phosphorus Trichloride,Phosphorus + N-BUTYLLITHIUM + CHLOROPENTAFLUOROETHANE
Avoid temperatures below -90 C
Substitution
Several times in our laboratory, we have experienced a violent decomposition of the ethereal C2F5Cl/n-BuLi solution after the addition of just a few drops of (R)nPCl3=n. In each of these cases, the metal-halogen exchange temperature was maintained below -90 C. We believe that this problem is due to a buildup of starting reagents at low temperatures.
C&EN
安全与防护
Protective Action Criteria (PAC)
0.18 [mg/m3]
4.5 [mg/m3]
27 [mg/m3]
毒理信息
Adverse Effects
Neurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin;Nephrotoxin - The chemical is potentially toxic to the kidneys in the occupational setting.;Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.;Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.
法规信息
Regulatory Information
Chemical: Lithium, butyl-
Lithium, butyl- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Lithium, butyl- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)
Status: Active Update: 07-04-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/14573
Lithium, butyl-, 15% in hexane: HSNO Approval: HSR001268 Approved with controls
The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)
安全数据
- F
- 3-10
- wgk
- 3
- tsca
- TSCA listed
- 毒性
- There is little toxicity data available for the butyllithiums; for data on ether and hydrocarbon solvents, see the appropriate LCSSs.
- 包装类别
- I
- 危险等级
- 4.3
- 存储类别
- 4.2 - Pyrophoric and self-heating hazardous materials
- 安全说明
- 6-9-16-26-36/37/39-45-61-62-6A-46-43B-43-60-33-29-5
- 海关编码
- 29319090
- 自燃温度
- 240°C
- 危险品标志
- F,C,N
- 危险性类别
- Aquatic Chronic 2Asp. Tox. 1Eye Dam. 1Flam. Liq. 2Pyr. Liq. 1Skin Corr. 1BSTOT SE 3Water-react 1
- 危险类别码
- 14/15-17-34-48/20-51/53-62-65-67-63-35-11-15-50/53-66
- 危险品运输编号
- UN 3399 4.3/PG 1
包装储运
类别遇水自燃物质
爆炸物危险特性与苯乙烯聚合可能爆炸
可燃性危险特性浓度大于20%者在空气中自燃; 与水, 二氧化碳接触自燃; 遇热, 明火易燃
储运特性库房通风低温干燥; 防水, 防二氧化碳
化学与工业
用途与制造
General Manufacturing Information
All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing;Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing;All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing;Pesticide, Fertilizer, and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing;Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing;Rubber Product Manufacturing;Electrical Equipment, Appliance, and Component Manufacturing
Lithium, butyl-: ACTIVE
应用领域
用途正丁基锂溶液主要用于医药中间体,有机反应催化剂中阴离子聚合引发剂,同时还应用于农药、合成橡胶、香精合成、液晶材料等行业和领域。丁基锂在有机合成上用途非常广泛,增长碳链,是一种比较基础的实验室用产品。 1、金属化反应:R-H + n-Butyl-Li → R-Li + Butane,生成的物质烷基锂可与多种物质发生反应。 2、直接进行金属化反应:连接取代基的芳香化合物与正丁基锂反应,金属锂可连接到该芳香族化合物中。 3、亲核加成和取代反应 4、卤素-金属置换
制备方法
生产方法在氮气下,使纯乙醚与剪碎的锂丝冷至-10℃,开动搅拌,滴加溴丁烷的乙醚溶液。滴加完毕,缓缓温热到0-10℃,反应1-2h,过滤即得正丁基锂乙醚溶液(商品),产率80%-90%。
上下游产品信息
上游原料
下游产品
试剂价格
- 37893 · 800ml
- 正丁基锂n-Butyllithium, 2.7M solution in toluene, AcroSeal™, Thermo Scientific Chemicals — 2474元
- 37749 · 100ml
- 正丁基锂,2.3M(20%)环己烷溶液n-Butyllithium, 2.3M (20 wt.%) sol. in Cyclohex./Hexane AcroSeal™, Thermo Scientific Chemicals — 1182元
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