基本信息
- 标准SMILES
[BH4-].[K+]- InChIKey
ICRGAIPBTSPUEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N- 分子式
- BH4.K
- 平均分子量
- 53.94 g/mol
- 单同位素质量
- 54.00431221
概述
Potassium borohydride is a white crystalline or powdered solid. When exposed to water it may react violently and start a fire. It is toxic by ingestion. It is used to make other chemicals.
名称与标识
- 首选名称
- Potassium borohydride
- IUPAC
- potassium boranuide
- 中文名
- 硼氢化钾
- 英文名
- Potassium borohydride
- 分子式
- BH4K
- 分子量
- 53.94
名称与别名
KBH4RefChem:867736DTXCID101358594237-360-50WS230DTGF13762-51-1Borate(1-), tetrahydro-, potassiumBorohydrure de potassiumDTXSID50929853Potassium borohydratePotassium borohydridePotassium tetrahydroborate
展开更多名称
钾硼氢硼氢钾氢硼化钾硼氢化钾四氢硼酸氫硼化鉀四硼氢钾钾氢化硼PQHJ四氢硼酸钾KBHK[BH4]POTASSIUMAMIDEKaliumborhydridPOTASSIUM BORANATEtassium Borohydridpotassium:boranuidepotassiumborohydrate
Potassium tetrahydroborate(1-)potassium;boranuidepotassiumborohydrideSCHEMBL48760Potassium borohydride, >=98%ICRGAIPBTSPUEX-UHFFFAOYSA-NAKOS024462594Potassium borohydride, purum, >=97.0% (RT)
数据库标识
- CAS
13762-51-1- PubChem CID
- 4192641
- DTXSID
DTXSID50929853- EC Number
- 237-360-5
性质
结构计算性质
- 极性表面积
- 0 Ų
- 氢键供体
- 0
- 氢键受体
- 1
- 可旋转键
- 0
- 重原子
- 2
- 形式电荷
- 0
- 复杂度
- 2
实验与物化性质
Chemical Classes
Metals -> Metals, Inorganic Compounds
Flammable agents - 3rd degree
SpringerMaterials Propertiesnuclear quadrupole moment
Physical Description
Potassium borohydride is a white crystalline or powdered solid. When exposed to water it may react violently and start a fire. It is toxic by ingestion. It is used to make other chemicals.
Solid; Not hygroscopic and stable in air; [Merck Index] White solid; [CAMEO] White odorless powder; [Kodak MSDS]
物理化学性质
- 熔点
- 500 °C · 500 °C (dec.) (lit.)
- 堆积密度
- 400 kg/m3 · 400kg/m3
- 密度
- 1.18 g/mL · 1.18 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
- 折射率
- 1.494 · 1.494
- 储存条件
- water-free area
- 溶解度
- 2 O · soluble in H2O
- 形态
- Powder
- 比重
- 1.178 · 1.178
- 颜色
- White
- 水溶解性
- 190 g/L · 190 g/L (25 ºC)
- 比热容
- 1.78 J/ · Cp(crystal): 1.78 J/(g·K), at 25℃
- 敏感性
- Moisture Sensitive
- Merck
- 14 · 14,7616
- InChI
- 1S/BH4.K/h1H4;/q-1;+1
- InChIKey
- ICRGAIPBTSPUEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- SMILES
- [K+].[H][B-]([H])([H])[H]
- CAS 数据库
- 13762 · 13762-51-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
- NIST化学物质信息
- Potassium tetrahydroborate(13762-51-1)
- EPA化学物质信息
- Borate(1-), tetrahydro-, potassium (1:1) (13762-51-1)
化学性质
白色疏松粉末或晶体。相对密度1.178。在空气中稳定，无吸湿性。溶于水并徐徐分解放出氢气。溶于液氨，微溶于甲醇和乙醇，几乎不溶于乙醚、苯、四氢呋喃、甲醚及其他碳氢化合物。在碱性环境中稳定，遇无机酸分解而放出氢气。在真空中约500℃分解。
安全与法规
GHS分类
GHS Classification
Danger
H260 (88.9%): In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously [Danger Substances and mixtures which in contact with water, emit flammable gases]
P223, P231+P232, P260, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P335+P334, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P370+P378, P402+P404, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
Aggregated GHS information provided per 162 reports by companies from 10 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
危害信息
Regulatory Information
Chemical: Borate(1-), tetrahydro-, potassium
Status: Active Update: 02-10-2019 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/24951
Borate(1-), tetrahydro-, potassium: HSNO Approval: HSR001291 Approved with controls
The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)
Other Safety InformationIMAP assessments - Borate(1-), tetrahydro-, potassium: Environment tier I assessment
DOT LabelDangerous When Wet
Fire Hazards
Excerpt from ERG Guide 138 [Substances - Water-Reactive (Emitting Flammable Gases)]:
· Produce flammable gases on contact with water.
Health Hazards
Excerpt from ERG Guide 138 [Substances - Water-Reactive (Emitting Flammable Gases)]:
· Inhalation or contact with vapors, substance or decomposition products may cause severe injury or death.
Hazards Summary
Reacts with water and moisture evolving flammable gases (may be violent and ignite on contact); Highly flammable and a strong reducing agent; [CAMEO] Causes spastic paralysis and dyspnea in lethal-dose studies of rabbits, rats, and mice (dermal, inhalation, and oral routes); [RTECS] Reacts violently with water (may form flammable or combustible mixture); A flammable reducing agent; May form explosive mixtures with air; Causes burns to skin and eyes; Dust is irritating to eyes and respiratory tract; Harmful by ingestion and inhalation; [Kodak MSDS]
DOT ID and Guide1870 138
Reactive GroupMetal Hydrides, Metal Alkyls, Metal Aryls, and Silanes
Reactivity AlertsStrong Reducing Agent
Reactivity ProfileA reducing agent. Reacts rapidly and dangerously with oxygen and with other oxidizing agents, even weak ones. Thus, they are likely to ignite on contact with alcohols. Hydrides are incompatible with acids, alcohols, amines, and aldehydes.
DOT Hazard Classification
Potassium borohydride
UN1870
Div 4.3 Dangerous when wet material (49 eCFR § 173.124)
PG I: the degree of danger presented by the material is great
Air and Water ReactionsHighly flammable. When exposed to water it may react violently and start a fire. Produce flammable gases on contact with water. May ignite on contact with water or moist air.
安全与防护
Fire FightingExcerpt from ERG Guide 138 [Substances - Water-Reactive (Emitting Flammable Gases)]:
Accidental Release Measures
· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.
· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
First Aid
Excerpt from ERG Guide 138 [Substances - Water-Reactive (Emitting Flammable Gases)]:
General First Aid:
Exposure Control and Personal Protection· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Nonfire Spill ResponseExcerpt from ERG Guide 138 [Substances - Water-Reactive (Emitting Flammable Gases)]:
Isolation and Evacuation
Excerpt from ERG Guide 138 [Substances - Water-Reactive (Emitting Flammable Gases)]:
Immediate precautionary measure
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)Excerpt from ERG Guide 138 [Substances - Water-Reactive (Emitting Flammable Gases)]:
Emergency Response Planning Guidelines· DO NOT USE WATER OR FOAM.
毒理信息
Adverse EffectsNeurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin
Toxicity DataLC50 (rat) = 46 mg/m3
安全数据
- F
- 10
- wgk
- -
- tsca
- TSCA listed
- 毒性
- LD50 orally in Rabbit: 167 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit 230 mg/kg
- RTECS号
- TS7525000
- 包装类别
- I
- 危险等级
- 4.3
- 存储类别
- 4.3 - Hazardous materials which set free flammable gases upon contact with water
- 安全说明
- 26-36/37/39-43-45-7/8-28A-16
- 海关编码
- 2850 00 20
- 危险品标志
- F,T,C
- 危险性类别
- Acute Tox. 3 OralEye Dam. 1Repr. 1BSkin Corr. 1BWater-react 1
- 危险类别码
- 14/15-24/25-34-11
- 危险品运输编号
- UN 1870
毒性防护
毒性参见硼氢化钠。
化学与工业
用途与制造
Uses
Used as a reducing agent; [Merck Index] Used to make other chemicals; [CAMEO] Used to make plastics (foaming agent); [Hawley] Used as industrial photographic processing chemical; [Kodak MSDS]
Photographic Processing [Category: Other]
应用领域
用途硼氢化钾系一种碱金属复氢化物，是一个实用的强力还原剂。
用途用于有机选择性基团的还原反应；用作醛类、酮类和酰氯类的还原剂，能将有机官能团RCHO、RCOR、RCOCl还原为RCH2、CHR2、HOHR、RCH2OH等；也用于分析化学、造纸工业、含汞废水的处理及合成纤维素钾等。
用途用于制药、纤维素的改良剂、纸浆漂白等。
用途醛类、酮类和酰氯类的还原剂，羰基和过氧化合物的还原，精制和去除有机化学产品中的颜色、嗅味和氧化母体，照相和金属整饰工业中的污染控制和贵金属的回收，药品和精细化学品的制造和催化剂的制备。 溶解度(g/100g)：水19(25℃)、液氨20(25℃)、乙二胺3.9(75℃)、甲醇0.7(20℃)、二甲基甲酰胺15(20℃)。
用途用作醛类、酮类和酰氯类等的还原剂。
用途用作醛、酮和酰氯类的还原剂，用于制药、纤维素改良、纸浆漂白等
制备方法
生产方法硼氢化钠法先按氢化钠硼酸甲酯法制得硼氢化钠碱性溶液(即水解工序所得的水解液)，然后计量打入结晶罐中，搅拌下加热至60℃，并加入氢氧化钾保温1h；接着冷却，静止12h；离心分离后，用乙醇洗涤晶体，在80℃下干燥16 h，制得硼氢化钾成品。其H3BO3+3CH3OH→B(OCH3)3+3H2ONa+H2→2NaH4NaH+B(OCH3)3→NaBH4+3CH3ONaNaBH4+KOH→KBH4+NaOH
上下游产品信息
上游原料
下游产品
试剂价格
- 19655 · 2.5kg
- 硼氢化钾Potassium borohydride, 98+%, Thermo Scientific Chemicals — 12332元
- 80105263 · 100G
- 硼氢化钾potassium borohydride;potassium tetrahydroborate — 366元
相关反应
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