Propiolsure

Crystals from carbon disulfde

Crystals or liquid

Very soluble in water, ether, ethanol, chloroform

Miscible with water

144 °C (decomposes)

BP: 72 °C at 50 mm Hg

Danger

H226 (91.8%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P262, P264, P270, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 49 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Danger

H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]

Chemical: 2-Propynoic acid

Status: Active Update: 08-05-2018 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/24565

Flam. Liq. 3 (91.8%)

Flammable liquids - Category 3

Accidental Release Measures. Personal precautions: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Methods for cleaning up: Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

This combustible material may be burned in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. Observe all federal, state, and local environmental regulations. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Handle with gloves. Choose body protection according to the amount and concentration of the dangerous substance at the work place.

Avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing. Wash hands before breaks and immediately after handling the product.

If inhaled, move person into fresh air. If not breathing give artificial respiration. Consult a physician. In case of skin contact, take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately. Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Take victim immediately to hospital. Consult a physician. In case of eye contact, continue rinsing eyes during transport to hospital. Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician. If swallowed DO NOT induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Consult a physician.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. The completeness of the cleaning procedures should be considered before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at the end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multipurpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

Tightly fitting safety goggles. Faceshield (8-inch minimum).

EC50; Species: Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog, embryo); Conditions: freshwater, renewal, pH 7.0-7.8; Concentration: 4468500 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence interval: 4091000-5252000 ug/L); Effect: increased developmental changes, craniofacial defects, abnormal gut coiling /> or = 98% purity/

LC50; Species: Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog, embryo); Conditions: freshwater, renewal, pH 7.0-7.8; Concentration: 3421500 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence interval: 3066000-3726000 ug/L) /> or = 98% purity/

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that propiolic acid is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of propiolic acid is estimated as 1.89(3), indicating that this compound will exist entirely in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4). Volatilization from moist soil is not expected because the acid exists as an anion and anions do not volatilize(SRC). Propiolic acid is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 3.5 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(5). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2010).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that propiolic acid is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). A pKa of 1.89(3) indicates propiolic acid will exist entirely in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). According to a classification scheme(4), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of -0.19(5) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Propiolic acid is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(7). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2010).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), propiolic acid, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 3.5 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase propiolic acid is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 5 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.0X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Vapor-phase propiolic acid is also degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with ozone(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 380 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.0X10-20 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Propiolic acid contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of propiolic acid can be estimated to be 1(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that propiolic acid is expected to have very high mobility in soil. The pKa of propiolic acid is 1.89(3), indicating that this compound will exist entirely in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4).

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Material is extremely destructive to tissue of the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract, eyes, and skin., Cough, Shortness of breath, Headache, Nausea

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Causes eye burns. Causes skin burns. May be fatal if absorbed through skin.

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for propiolic acid(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of -0.19(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

A pKa of 1.89(1) indicates propiolic acid will exist entirely in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces and moist soil is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). Propiolic acid is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 3.5 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2).

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Developmental or Reproductive Toxicity/ The developmental toxicity for each of 45 carboxylic acids /including propiolic acid/ was determined for Xenopus embryos. Acids tested included 12 unbranched, saturated aliphatics, 12 branched, saturated aliphatics, 12 unsaturated aliphatics, and 9 aromatics. Embryos were collected following hormone-induced breeding and exposed to at least eight concentrations of the acid, along with a control. For each concentration, 25 properly developing embryos were exposed to the acid solution for 96 hr. Each acid was tested on at least three separate occasions and the data were pooled to calculate 96 hr LC50 (lethality). 96 hr EC50 (malformation), and DHI (developmental hazard index = 96 hr LC50/96 hr EC50) values. The endpoint data were subjected to quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analyses and computer-automated structure evaluation (CASE). Variation in acid-induced lethality was effectively explained by partitioning and ionizability of the acids, while partitioning alone was somewhat effective in explaining variation for acid-induced malformation. The results indicated that developmental hazard of the acids to Xenopus embryos is primarily dependent on carbon-chain length, with acids containing five carbon atoms in the chain tending to be the most potent. Unsaturation reduced the hazard in comparison with the corresponding unbranched saturated acid. Developmental hazard was highest for 2-position branched compounds with a 5- or 6-C chain, but was reduced for 2-position branched acids with a 3- or 4-C chain. Hazard of the non-2 position branched acids was variable. Valproic (2-propylpentanoic) acid showed the highest developmental hazard with Xenopus, twice that of any other acid tested.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of propiolic acid with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 3.0X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 5 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of propiolic acid with ozone has been estimated as 3.0X10-20 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 380 days at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(2). Propiolic acid is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(3). Propiolic acid contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Propiolic acid's production and use as a laboratory reagent may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, an estimated vapor pressure of 3.5 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates propiolic acid will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase propiolic acid will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals and with ozone; the half-lives for these reactions in air are estimated to be 5 and 380 days, respectively. Propiolic acid contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, propiolic acid is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 1. The pKa of propiolic acid is 1.89, indicating that this compound will exist entirely in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts. Volatilization from moist soil is not expected because the acid exists as an anion and anions do not volatilize. Propiolic acid may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Biodegradation data were not available. If released into water, propiolic acid is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. The pKa value indicates propiolic acid will exist in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces and moist soil is not expected to be an important fate process. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions. Occupational exposure to propiolic acid may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where propiolic acid is produced or used. (SRC)

Used as a laboratory reagent, to make transition metal complexes, haloalkyl propiolates, and halopropenoates, and for the control of nematodes in agriculture (outside the US); [HSDB]

Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]

Laboratory reagent ... synthesis of transition metal complexes, haloalkyl propiolates, and halopropenoates

used in agriculture and in the control of nematodes /non-US/