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HCID 16682804Erstellt: 27. Oktober 2026

Fentin acetate

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Molekülstruktur von Fentin acetate

Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten

CAS No.	900-45-8
Summenformel	C20H18O2Sn
Durchschnittliche Molmasse	409,1 g/mol
Monoisotopische Masse	410,03287452 g/mol
SMILES	CC(=O)[O][Sn]([c]1ccccc1)([c]1ccccc1)[c]1ccccc1
InChIKey	WDQNIWFZKXZFAY-UHFFFAOYSA-M
PubChem CID	16682804
ChEBI	CHEBI:81918
EC No.	212-984-0
DTXSID	DTXSID6021408

Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften

Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA)	26,3
H-Brücken-Donoren	0
H-Brücken-Akzeptoren	2
Frei drehbare Bindungen	5
Schwere Atome	23
Formalladung	0
Komplexität	332
Stoffklassen	Metals -> Tin Compounds, Organic
Pestizide	Fungicides, HerbicidesActive substance -> EU Pesticides database: Not approved
LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient)	log Kow = 3.43
Dichte	1.55 at 68 °F (EPA, 1998) - Denser than waterwill sink1.55 g/cu cm @ 20 °C
Color/Form	Colorless crystalsSmall needles
Löslichkeit	In water, about 9 mg/l at pH 5 and 20 °C.In ethanol 22, ethyl acetate 82, dichloromethane 460, hexane 5, toluene 89 (all in g/l at 20 °C).0.009 mg/mL at 20 °C
Decomposition	Converted to fentin hydroxide in the presence of water.When heated to decomp it emits acrid smoke and fumes /of tin/.Unstable in acids & alkalis (22 °C), decomp half-time <3 hr (pH 5,7 or 9).Decomposed by sunlight and by atmospheric oxygen.
Schmelzpunkt	252 °F (EPA, 1998)122-123 °C121 - 123 °C122 °C
Dampfdruck	1.4e-08 mmHg at 140 °F (EPA, 1998)0.00000048 [mmHg]Vapor pressure: 1.43X10-5 mm Hg @ 60 °C
Physical Description	Stannane, acetoxytriphenyl- appears as a white crystalline solid. Melting point 123-131 °C (253-268 °F). Used as a fungicide, algaecide and molluscicide. Controls early and late blight on potatoes.Colorless solid[HSDB] White solid[CAMEO] White odorless solid[INCHEM] White powder[MSDSonline]
Stability/Shelf Life	Stable when dry. Converted to fentin hydroxide in the presence of water. Unstable in acids & alkalis (22 °C). Decomposed by sunlight & by atmospheric oxygen.
Selbstentzündungstemperatur	IT IS NEITHER FLAMMABLE NOR AUTOIGNITIBLE.

Sicherheit & Vorschriften

GHS-Einstufung	DangerH301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]P203, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P332+P317, P361+P364, P362+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)H301+H311 (94.4%): Toxic if swallowed or in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, oralacute toxicity, dermal]P203, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P332+P317, P361+P364, P362+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)
Regulatorische Informationen	Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 (amended)2002/478/ECThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)
Weitere Sicherheitsinformationen	IMAP assessments - Stannane, (acetyloxy)triphenyl-: Human health tier I assessment
DOT-Kennzeichnung	Poison
Brandgefahren	Avoid air, light and moisture. (EPA, 1998)
Brandpotenzial	IT IS NEITHER FLAMMABLE NOR AUTOIGNITIBLE.
Gesundheitsgefahren	Very toxic, irritant to skin. (EPA, 1998)
Gefahrenübersicht	Animals given a single lethal dose have tremor, drowsiness, and ataxiaIn other animal studies, has effects on the immune and reproductive systemsWorkers who were patch tested in Italy had irritant, not allergic, contact dermatitis. [Reference #1] Converted by water to triphenyltin hydroxide[HSDB] A skin irritant[CAMEO] Generally has low toxicity, but may cause liver damage and injury to the immune and reproductive systemsAllergic skin reactions are commonWorkers may report respiratory and mucosal irritation[Reference #2] A skin and respiratory tract irritant

CERCLA-Meldepflichtmengen

Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Stannane, acetoxytriphenyl- is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 500 or 10,000 lbs. Extremely hazardous substances that are solids are subject to either of two threshold planning quantities ... The lower quantity applies only if the solid exists in powdered for and has a particle size less than 100 micronsor is handled in solution or in molten formor meets the criteria for a National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) rating of 2, 3 or 4 for reactivity. If the solid does not meet any of these criteria, it is subject to the upper ... threshold planning quantity ... .

Brandbekämpfung	(Non-Specific -- Organotin pesticide, n.o.s.) Stay upwindkeep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposaldo not scatter the material.

Erste Hilfe	Signs and Symptoms of Stannane, Acetoxytriphenyl- Exposure: Acute exposure to stannane, acetoxytriphenyl- may result in severe headache, nausea, vomiting, cramping, abdominal pain, skin burns or dermatitis, visual defects including photophobia (sensitivity to light), convulsions, and loss of consciousness. Occasionally bronchitis may also be noted.

Freisetung ohne Brand	(Non-Specific -- Organotin pesticide, n.o.s.) Keep unnecessary people awayisolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwindkeep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing at the site. Do not touch spilled materialstop leak if you can do it without risk. Use water spray to reduce vapors.

Entsorgungsverfahren

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.Fentin acetate should be buried. It is stable when dry, but relatively easily decomposed when exposed to air and light finally forming inorganic tin compounds. Recommendable method: Landfill.

Preventive Measures

Keep out of reach of children. Keep away from food, drink & animal feeding stuffs. If you feel unwell, seek medical advice (show the label where possible).SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. All contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

Threshold Limit Values (TLV)	0.1 [mg/m3], as Sn0.2 [mg/m3], as Sn8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.1 mg/cu m15 min Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL): 0.2 mg/cu m, skin. /Organic tin cmpd, as Sn/A4Not classifiable as a human carcinogen. /Organic tin cmpd, as Sn/

Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen	Breathing or swallowing, or skin contact with organotins, can interfere with the way the brain and nervous system work, causing death in severe cases. Organic tin compounds may also damage the immune and reproductive system. (L307, L308)

Umweltverhalten

TERRESTRIAL FATE: AROMATIC LABELED (14)C-TRIPHENYLTIN ACETATE ... ADDED TO SOIL AT LEVELS OF 5.0 & 10.0 PPM & SHIELDED FROM LIGHT ... /HAD HALF-LIFE OF/ APPROX 140 DAYS. CONSTANT LINEAR RATE OF CARBON DIOXIDE EVOLUTION OCCURRED UP TO 80TH DAY, AT WHICH TIME 1/3 OF PHENYL CARBON HAD BEEN RELEASED. RATE THEN FELL TO LESS THAN HALF INITIAL RATE.TERRESTRIAL FATE: If triphenyltin acetate is released to soil, it either exists as or is rapidly converted to triphenyltin oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, or hydrated cations(1). In a laboratory soil leaching study, triphenyltins were strongly attached to soil(2). This also suggests that triphenyltins (such as triphenyltin acetate) may be expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). The Freundlich parameters, log k and 1/n, for triphenyltin to sediment were 1.81 and 0.793, respectively(3). Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process because the cation, oxides, hydroxides, or carbonates are not expected to volatilize(SRC). Triphenyltin acteate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 4.8X10-7 mm Hg(4). Triphenyltin acetate undergoes biodegradation in the environment(SRC). Bacteria have been reported to cleave aryl-tin bonds in triphenyltin acetate(5). Triphenyltin acetate degrades in normal, fertile, agricultural field at 11-16 °C in <6 wks under aerobic conditions and 6-18 weeks under anaerobic conditions(6).AQUATIC FATE: If triphenyltin acetate is released to soil, it either exists as or is rapidly converted to triphenyltin oxides, carbonates, or hydrated cations(1). Triphenyltin cation may react with water and behave like a simple protic acid with the formation of triphenyltin hydroxide(2). In seawater, the chloride ion may compete effectively with hydroxide ions resulting in the presence of triphenyltin chloride(2). Triphenyltin compounds may react with sulfides present in sediment, leading to the formation of bis(triphenyltin) sulfide(1). Cations, such as triphenyltin cation, generally adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process because the cation is not expected to volatilize(SRC). Triphenyltin cation may be susceptible to photolysis in water since triphenyltin hydroxide dissolved in pure water was approx 72% photodegraded by sunlight in 36 days apparently by a radical processdiphenyltin species were the only products observed(3). Triphenyltin acetate on a watch glass is degraded to diphenyl-, monophenyl-, and inorganic tin species when irradiated at wavelengths >350 nm(1). According to a classification scheme(4), a BCF of 800 for rainbow trout(5), suggests the potential for bioconcentration of triphenyltin cation in aquatic organisms is high(SRC). Triphenyltin may biodegrade in aquatic environments(SRC). Bacteria have been reported to cleave aryl-tin bonds in triphenyltin acetate(6). Triphenyltin acetate degrades in normal, fertile, agricultural field at 11-16 °C in <6 wks under aerobic conditions and 6-18 weeks under anaerobic conditions(7).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), triphenyltin acetate, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 4.8X10-7 mm Hg at 25 °C(2) will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere(SRC). Vapor-phase triphenyltin acetate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC)the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 2.7 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.9X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) determined using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase triphenyltin acetate may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC).

Milk Concentrations	During oral dosing of sheep for 20 days with fentin acetate at the rate of 10 mg/day, (113)tin was found in the milk at an average concentration of 0.0017 ppm.Cows fed sugar beets leaves containing triphenyltin acetate at 1 mg/kg had concn of 0.004 mg/kg in their milk(1).

Toxizitätsübersicht

IDENTIFICATION: Triphenyltin compounds are triphenyl derivatives of tetravalent tin. They are colorless solids with low vapor pressures. They are lipophilic and have low solubility in water. Triphenyltin compounds have been used extensively as algicides and molluscicides in antifouling paints since the 1960s. Use of triorganotins in antifouling paints has been restricted in many countries because of their catastrophic effects on the oyster industry and more general effects on the aquatic ecosystem. HUMAN EXPOSURE: There are no data concerning the occupational exposure to triphenyltin compounds. A few poisoning case reports does describe neurotoxic effecys, which appeared to persist. Exposure of the general public to triphenyltin compounds occurs mostly from ingestion of contaminated seafood. ANIMAL/PLANT STUDIES: Triphenyltin compounds given orally to rats are not readily absorbed and are excreted primarily in the feces and partly in the urine. They are metabolized to diphenyltin, and monophenyltin, and non-extractable bound residues. Absorbed triphenyltin compounds accumulate in the kidney and liver to the greatest extent, with smaller amounts in other organs. Triphenyltin compounds, applied dermally can penetrate through the skin in a time and dose dependent manner. Triphenyltin exerts a variety of health effects in various animal species, including effects on the immune system, reproductive/developmental effects at levels near those that are maternially toxic, hyperplasia/adenomas in endocrine organs, apoptosis in thymus cells, calcium release in sarcoplasmic reticulum cells, and eye irritation. Triphenyltin compounds are moderately acutely toxic to rats. They are not carcinogenic, but some data show that they are co-clastogenic. Reproductive and developmental effects include a decrease in the number of inplantations and live fetuses (at 1.0 mg triphenyltin acetate/kg body weight per day in a rabbit gavage study), reduction in litter size/pup weight and in relative thymus or spleen weightin the weanlings (at 1.5 mg triphenyltin acetate/kg body weight per day in the diet of a two generation reproduction study in rats). Triphenyltin compounds affect the immune system. Triphenyltin compounds exert deleterous effects on aquatic organisms at low concentrations. Triphenyltin is considered an endocrine disruptor, because of imposex, a phenomenon in which female gastropods develop male sex organs. /Triphenyltin cmpd & Triphenyltin acetate/Organotin compounds produce neurotoxic and immunotoxic effects. Organotins may directly activate glial cells contributing to neuronal cell degeneration by local release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-_, and/or interleukins. They may also induce apoptosis by direct action on neuronal cells. Organotin compounds stimulate the neuronal release of and/or decrease of neuronal cell uptake of neurotransmitters in brain tissue, including aspartate, GABA, glutamate, norepinephrine, and serotonin. This may be either a contributing factor to or result of the neuronal cell loss. The immunotoxic effects of organotins are characterized by thymic atrophy caused by the suppression of proliferation of immature thymocytes and apoptosis of mature thymocytes. Organotin compounds are believed to exert these effects by suppressing DNA and protein synthesis, inducing the expression of genes involved in apoptosis (such as nur77), and disrupting the regulation of intracellular calcium levels, giving rise to the uncontrolled production of reactive oxygen species, release of cytochrome c to the cytosol, and the proteolytic and nucleolytic cascade of apoptosis. The suppression of proliferation of immature thymocytes further results in the suppression of T-cell-mediated immune responses. Organotins are also endocrine disruptors and are believed to contribute to obesity by inappropriate receptor activation, leading to adipocyte differentiation. Inorganic tin triggers eryptosis, contributing to tin-induced anemia. (L308, A182, A184)

Soil Adsorption/Mobility

If triphenyltin acetate is released to soil, it either exists as, or rapidly converted to oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, or hydrated cations(1). Oxides, hydroxides, carbonates or cations are not expected to leach through soil into groundwater(SRC). In a laboratory soil leaching study, triphenyltins were strongly attached to soil(2). This also suggests that triphenyltins (such as triphenyltin acetate) may be expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). The Freundlich parameters, log k and 1/n, for triphenyltin to sediment were 1.81 and 0.793, respectively(3).

Human Toxicity Excerpts

Several human poisonings from occupational exposures have been described but no deaths. Severe headache is a common symptom, as are nausea, vomiting, and epigastric pain, even in respiratory exposures. Glycosuria and hyperglycemia were encountered in several victims, as was dizziness, ... loss of consciousness occurred in 2 farmers after spraying.Liver damage, in one case irreversible, has been reported in people spraying triphenyltin acetate, although exposure to other toxic compounds cannot be excluded. General malaise, headache, dizziness, & enlarged liver were the main symptoms in a patient who had 48 ug tin/l in his blood & 113 ug tin/l in his urine at the time of admission to hospital, after spraying a 60% triphenyltin acetate solution. Nine days after admission he developed diffuse erythema, but completely recovered 3 days later.The majority of accidental poisonings involving systemic effects have been due to occupational exposure to triphenyltin acetate. Systemic effects reported to have followed both dermal & inhalation exposure include general malaise, gastric pain, dryness of the mouth, visual disturbances & shortness of breath. An enlarged liver & elevated levels of liver aminotransferase activity have been found in some cases. Recovery has generally been complete but in one case, where a man spilled an agricultural cmpd on his hands & chest, the liver damage persisted for 2 yr.A case of triphenyltin acetate poisoning is described. The patient, who had been exposed mainly to cutaneous absorption, showed acute stages of an urticarial eruption, signs of hepatic injury, slight glucose intolerance, & EEG abnormalities. Concomitant with the highest concns of tin in plasma & the peak of tin excretion in urine, neutrophils did not show the normal incr in actin polymerization after stimulation with a chemotactic peptide (100 nM fMLP). The peak of urinary excretion of tin occurred between the fifth & the sixth day after poisoningsubsequently, the rate of excretion became slow, suggesting biphasic kinetics with the possibility of a cumulative trend.For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for TRIPHENYLTIN ACETATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Artificial Pollution Sources	Triphenyltin acetate's production and former use(1) as an agricultural fungicide(2), and as a biocide in marine antifouling paints(3) resulted in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

Environmental Biodegradation

SEVERAL ASPERGILLUS SPECIES WERE ABLE TO DEGRADE FENTIN IN LIQ CULTURE WITH RELEASE OF (14)CARBON DIOXIDE. A GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIUM WAS ALSO ABLE TO METABOLIZE FENTIN.In soil, the half-life for total mineralization of triphenyltin acetate has been determined to be approximately 140 days(1). In the field of a variety of crops, the half-life of triphenyltins has been reported to be 3-14 days(1). Bacteria have been reported to cleave aryl-tin bonds in triphenyltin acetate(2). Triphenyl tin acetate degrades in normal, fertile, agricultural field at 11-16 °C in <6 wks under aerobic conditions and 6-18 weeks under anaerobic conditions(3).

Sediment/Soil Concentrations	SEDIMENT: The concns of triphenyltin in harbor sediment in Lake Lucerne, Switzerland was high, up to 380 ug/g(1). High concns were restricted to the upper 4 cm and decreased significantly below. The dating of cores suggest that triphenyltin may persist for more than a decade in sediment. Small amounts of the mono- and di- phenyltin were also found in the upper layers of sediment.