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Amiodaron
Amiodarone Base · Ancaron · Atlansil · Sedacoron · AMidorone · Sedacorone · Amiodarons · amiodarona
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 1951-25-3 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | C25H29I2NO3 |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 645,3 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 645,02368979 g/mol |
| SMILES | CCCCc1oc2ccccc2c1C(=O)c1cc(I)c(OCCN(CC)CC)c(I)c1 |
| InChIKey | IYIKLHRQXLHMJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 2157 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL633 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:2663 |
| EC No. | 217-772-1 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID7022592 |
| Lokaler Name | Amiodaron |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| XLogP | 7,6 |
|---|---|
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 42,7 |
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 0 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 4 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 11 |
| Schwere Atome | 31 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 547 |
| Arzneimittel | Pharmaceuticals -> Listed in ZINC15Pharmaceuticals -> Used in Switzerland |
| LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient) | 7.96.59 |
| Löslichkeit | Low4.76e-03 g/LChloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)716.4mg/L(25 ºC) |
| Human Drugs | Breast FeedingLactationMilk, HumanAntiarrhythmicsPharmaceuticalsAntiarrhythmic medicines |
| Endocrine Disruptors | Potential endocrine disrupting compound |
| Physical Description | Solid |
| Ionization Efficiency | Positive4.7016910252.7Thermo LTQElectrospray ionizationformic acid (5.3nM) |
| Dissociation Constants | 9.066.56 ± 0.06 |
| Collision Cross Section | 223.8 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: DTBuffer gas: N2Ionization: APCI+Dataset: TOXCASTSource Identifier: DTXSID7037185]224.84 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TWMethod: calibrated with polyalanine and drug standards]226.4 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TWMethod: Major Mix IMS/Tof Calibration Kit (Waters)] |
| Schmelzpunkt | 54 - 55°C |
| Siedepunkt | 635.1±55.0 °C(Predicted) |
| Dichte | 1.5730 (estimate) |
| Lagerbedingungen | 2-8°C |
| Aggregatzustand | Solid |
| pKa (Säurekonstante) | 6.56(at 25℃) |
| Farbe | Colourless to Pale Yellow |
| Stabilität | Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C25H29I2NO3/c1-4-7-11-22-23(18-10-8-9-12-21(18)31-22)24(29)17-15-19(26)25(20(27)16-17)30-14-13-28(5-2)6-3/h8-10,12,15-16H,4-7,11,13-14H2,1-3H3 |
| InChIKey | IYIKLHRQXLHMJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | C(C1C2=CC=CC=C2OC=1CCCC)(C1=CC(I)=C(OCCN(CC)CC)C(I)=C1)=O |
| CAS Datenbank | 1951-25-3(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | Methanone, (2-butyl-3-benzofuranyl)[4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodophenyl]- (1951-25-3) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 96.4% (53 of 55) of all reports.Not ClassifiedAggregated GHS information provided per 55 reports by companies from 3 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. |
|---|---|
| Regulatorische Informationen | Amiodarone: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
| Weitere Sicherheitsinformationen | IMAP assessments - Methanone, (2-butyl-3-benzofuranyl)[4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodophenyl]-: Human health tier I assessment |
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Not Classified |
| Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen | Some side effects have a significant mortality rate: specifically, hepatitis, exacerbation of asthma and congestive failure, and pneumonitis. |
| Hepatotoxicity | While liver injury from amiodarone is uncommon, it is not rare. Serum enzyme elevations are reported to occur in 15% to 50% of patients on long term therapy, but with lower doses (200 to 300 mg daily), ALT elevations are less common. Often these elevations resolve despite continuation of amiodarone, and liver biopsy may reveal minimal changes, or accumulation of granular material in macrophages without other evidence of injury. Patients taking amiodarone are recommended to have ALT and AST values taken at baseline and then every six months, and to discontinue therapy if levels are persistently greater than twice the upper limit of the normal range. The efficacy of this approach, even if followed, in preventing serious liver injury from amiodarone is unclear. |
| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Adverse effects from amiodarone therapy can be as high as 15% within the initial year of use and may reach 50% with long-term treatment. The risk-to-benefit ratio frequently results in the discontinuation of amiodarone within the first year of treatment, particularly for patients with atrial fibrillation. The most prevalent adverse effect is the development of corneal microdeposits, which occur in at least 90% of patients taking amiodarone. This occurrence is believed to result from amiodarone being secreted in the lacrimal gland and subsequently taken up by the corneal epithelium. However, only about 10% of these patients will develop actual visual symptoms. Additional ocular adverse effects include photophobia, optic neuropathy, and visual halos. A baseline ophthalmological assessment is recommended for patients initiating amiodarone therapy. |
| Expositionspfade | Slow and variable (about 20 to 55% of an oral dose is absorbed). |
| Toxizitätsübersicht | Signs and Symptoms of OverdoseThe antiarrhythmic effect of amiodarone may be due to at least two major actions. It prolongs the myocardial cell-action potential (phase 3) duration and refractory period and acts as a noncompetitive a- and b-adrenergic inhibitor. |
| Carcinogen Classification | No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). |
| Drug Induced Liver Injury | Benchmark Dataset for the Liver Toxicity Knowledge Base (LTKB)amiodaroneCordarone®Antiarrhythmics8most-DILI-concern |
| Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation | ◉ Summary of Use during Lactation |
| Toxicity Data | Intravenous, mouse: LD<sub>50</sub> = 178 mg/kg. |
| EPA Human Health Benchmarks for Pharmaceuticals | Amiodarone9.339.4When adequate arrhythmia control is achieved, or if side effects become prominent, amiodarone dose should be reduced to 600 to 800 mg/day for one month and then to the maintenance dose, usually 400 mg/day.Data used to generate the benchmarks include the following: Lowest Daily Dose (LDD): 400 mg/day, Lowest Therapeutic Dose (LTD): 5.0 mg/kg-day, and Screening Dose: 0.002 mg/kg-day.15-Dec-21 |
| Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK) | 3 |
| RTECS-Nr. | OB1361000 |
| R-Sätze (R) | 20/21/22 |
| Gefahrensymbole | Xn |
| Sicherheitshinweise (S) | 36 |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Beschreibung
From the chemical point of view, amiodarone is completely different from other antiarrhythmics. It has two iodide atoms and a diethylaminoethanol group as substituents in the benzoyl part, and overall it is very similar to the structure of thyroxin-like molecules.
Verwenden
antibacterial