1-Chloro-2-phenylethane

log Kow = 2.95

2.95

Insoluble in water

Soluble in acetone, benzene, caron tetrachloride, chloroform

Warning

H315 (33.3%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]

P264, P264+P265, P273, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 3 reports by companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Warning

H227: Combustible liquid [Warning Flammable liquids]

Chemical: Benzene, (2-chloroethyl)-

Chemical: Benzene, chloroethyl-

Status: Active Update: 08-09-2016 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/18005

Benzene, (2-chloroethyl)-: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

Skin Irrit. 2 (33.3%)

Flammable liquids - Category 4

For small (incipient) fires, use media such as "alcohol" foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. For large fires, apply water from as far as possible. Use very large quantities (flooding) of water applied as a mist or spray; solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.

Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary. Use water spray to cool unopened containers.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Remove all sources of ignition. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains.

Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

Product: This combustible material may be burned in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Remove all sources of ignition. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains.

Avoid inhalation of vapor or mist. Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic charge.

Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.

Eye/face protection: Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).

Skin protection: Handle with gloves.

Body Protection: Impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.

Respiratory protection: Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multipurpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 810(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.8X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). 2-Phenyl-1-chloroethane is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 1.69 mm Hg at 25 °C(4). Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 0% of the Theoretical BOD was reached in 4 weeks(5) indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 810(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.8X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 9 hrs and 6 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), a BCF range of 50-72(6) suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate(SRC). Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 0% of the Theoretical BOD was reached in 4 weeks(6) indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane, which has a vapor pressure of 1.69 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.6X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). 2-Phenyl-1-chloroethane does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane can be estimated to be 810(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC).

Measured BCF values of 50-72 and 52-54 at 100 and 10 ug/L test chemical concentrations, respectively, were reported for 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane using rice fish (Oryzias latipes) which were exposed over an 6-week period(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF range suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane is estimated as 2.8X1903 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 9 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 6 days(SRC). 2-Phenyl-1-chloroethane's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). 2-Phenyl-1-chloroethane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 1.69 mm Hg(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 5.6X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 3 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). 2-Phenyl-1-chloroethane is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). 2-Phenyl-1-chloroethane does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Occupational exposure to 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane is produced or used. Use data indicate that the general population is not likely to be exposed to 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane. (SRC)

2-Phenyl-1-chloroethane's production and use as a chemical intermediate may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 1.69 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3 days. 2-Phenyl-1-chloroethane does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane is expected to have low mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 810. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.8X10-3 atm-cu m/mole. 2-Phenyl-1-chloroethane may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 0% of the Theoretical BOD was reached in 4 weeks indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in soil or water. If released into water, 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 9 hrs and 6 days, respectively. A measured BCF range of 50-72 suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate. Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions (pH 5 to 9). Occupational exposure to 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane is produced or used. Use data indicate that the general public is not likely to be exposed to 2-phenyl-1-chloroethane. (SRC)

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/

/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/

/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/