HuagongsheHuagongshe Chemie-Druckbericht · Nur für Forschungszwecke
1,3,5-Trinitrobenzol
TNB · Trinitrobenzene · Benzit · benzite · Nsc 36931 · Trinitrobenzol · Trinitrobenzeen · s-Trinitrobenzene
Identifikatoren & physikalische Daten
| CAS No. | 99-35-4 |
|---|---|
| Summenformel | C6H3N3O6 |
| Durchschnittliche Molmasse | 213,1 g/mol |
| Monoisotopische Masse | 213,00218482 g/mol |
| SMILES | O=[N+]([O-])c1cc([N+](=O)[O-])cc([N+](=O)[O-])c1 |
| InChIKey | UATJOMSPNYCXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 7434 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:48113 |
| EC No. | 202-752-7 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID6021406 |
| Lokaler Name | 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzol |
Chemische & physikalische Eigenschaften
| XLogP | 1,2 |
|---|---|
| Polarare Oberfläche (TPSA) | 137 |
| H-Brücken-Donoren | 0 |
| H-Brücken-Akzeptoren | 6 |
| Frei drehbare Bindungen | 0 |
| Schwere Atome | 15 |
| Formalladung | 0 |
| Komplexität | 229 |
| Stoffklassen | Nitrogen Compounds -> Nitros, AromaticFlammable agents - 3rd degree |
| SpringerMaterials Properties | 15N nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum |
| Pestizide | Pesticide -> EPA IRIS |
| LogP (Verteilungskoeffizient) | log Kow = 1.18 |
| Geruch | Odorless |
| Geschmack | Tasteless |
| Dichte | 1.688 at 20 °C/4 °C1.4475 @ 152°Cd420 1.76d4152 1.4775 |
| Color/Form | Yellow crystalsRhombic plates from benzeneleaflets from waterOrthorhombic bipyramidal plates from glacial acetic acid |
| Löslichkeit | Solubility in water, 278 mg/L at 15 °CIn water, 492 mg/L at 25 °CInsoluble in waterSoluble in alcohol and ether6.2 g/100 g benzene4.9 g/100 g methanol1.9 g/100 g alcohol0.25 g/100 g carbon disulfide1.5 g/100 g ether0.05 g/100 g petroleum ether. Freely soluble in dilute sodium sulfiteSlightly soluble in ethanol, ethyl ether, carbon disulfidesoluble in benzene, chloroform, pyrenevery soluble in acetone, tolueneSolubility Slightly soluble in watersoluble in ethanol357.7mg/L(25 ºC) |
| Siedepunkt | 315 °C315 °C @760 [mm Hg]315°C |
| Decomposition | When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides/ and explodes. |
| Schmelzpunkt | 121.3 °C122.9 °C122°C |
| Brechungsindex | 1.6600 (estimate) |
| Flammpunkt | 2℃ |
| Lagerbedingungen | 2-8°C |
| Aggregatzustand | crystals |
| Farbe | Light yellow |
| Spezifische Wärmekapazität | Cp(crystal): 1.01 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| Merck | 14,9726 |
| Henry-Konstante | 1.5×103 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, HSDB (2015) |
| Dielektrizitätskonstante | 89.0(18℃) |
| CAS Datenbank | 99-35-4(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| EPA chemische Informationen | 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene (99-35-4) |
Sicherheit & Vorschriften
| GHS-Einstufung | DangerH201: (Deleted) Explosivemass explosion hazard [Danger Explosives]P210, P230, P240, P250, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P316, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P370+P380, P372, P373, P391, P401, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)H201 (97.7%): (Deleted) Explosive |
|---|---|
| Regulatorische Informationen | Hazard Traits - NeurotoxicityS - indicates a substance that is identified in a final Significant New Use Rule.The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
| DOT-Kennzeichnung | Flammable SolidExplosive 1.1D |
| Brandgefahren | Excerpt from ERG Guide 113 [Flammable Materials (Wet / Desensitized Explosive)]:Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]:· Flammable/combustible material. |
| Gesundheitsgefahren | Excerpt from ERG Guide 113 [Flammable Materials (Wet / Desensitized Explosive)]:Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]:· Some are toxic and may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Specifically, Dinitrophenol, wetted (UN1320)Dinitrophenolates, wetted (UN1321), Sodium dinitro-o-cresolate, wetted (UN1348)and Barium azide, wetted (UN1571) are known to be toxic. |
| Gefahrenübersicht | 1,3-DNB and 1,3,5-TNB are suspected to cause similar health effects. [ATSDR-PHS] See m-Dinitrobenzene. |
| DOT-Nummer und Handbuch | 3367 1131354 113 |
| Reaktive Gruppe | Nitro, Nitroso, Nitrate, and Nitrite Compounds, Organic |
| Special Reports | U.S. EPAHealth and Environmental Effects Profile for Trinitrobenzene (1980) ECAO-CIN-171HHS/ASTDRToxicological Profile for 1,3-Dinitrobenzene/1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene NTIS # PB/95/264289/AS (June 1995)[Available from, as of February 6, 2018: https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/tp.asp?id=842&tid=164]USEPASupport Document for 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene (TNB) (CAS No. 99-35-4). In Support of Summary Information on Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) p.2 (August 1997)[Available from, as of February 6, 2018: https://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/iris2/chemicalLanding.cfm?substance_nmbr=316] |
| RCRA-Anforderungen | U234As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to Federal and/or State hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5). |
| Reactivity Alerts | Strong Oxidizing AgentHighly FlammableExplosive |
| Reactivity Profile | Aromatic nitro compounds, such as TRINITROBENZENE, range from slight to strong oxidizing agents. If mixed with reducing agents, including hydrides, sulfides and nitrides, they may begin a vigorous reaction that culminates in a detonation. The aromatic nitro compounds may explode in the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide even in the presence of water or organic solvents. The explosive tendencies of aromatic nitro compounds are increased by the presence of multiple nitro groups.TRINITROBENZENE is classified as explosive. Severe explosion hazard when exposed to heat or shocked. TRINITROBENZENE is considered a powerful high explosive and has more shattering power than TNT. It is a highly dangerous material. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of NOx and explodes. It is very incompatible with reducing agents and can explode upon immediate contact with such materials. Organic nitrates may explode when shocked, exposed to heat or flame or by spontaneous chemical reaction. It must be stored in a cool, ventilated place, away from acute fire hazards and easily oxidized materials. Also reacts violently with AlBPcyanidesestersPN2HNaCNSnCl2sodium hypophosphitethiocyanates. Dangerous disaster hazard due to fire and explosion hazard. On decomposition, they emit toxic fumes. They are powerful oxidizing agents which may cause violent reaction with reducing materials. Nitrates should be protected carefully in storage. (SAX and Lewis, 1987) p.664 |
| DOT Emergency Guidelines | /GUIDE 113 FLAMMABLE SOLIDS - TOXIC (Wet/Desensitized Explosive)/ Fire or Explosion: Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. DRIED OUT material may explode if exposed to heat, flame, friction or shocktreat as an explosive (GUIDE 112). Keep material wet with water or treat as an explosive (GUIDE 112). Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. /Trinitrobenzene, wetted with not less than 30% waterTrinitrobenzene, wetted with not less than 10% water//GUIDE 113 FLAMMABLE SOLIDS - TOXIC (Wet/Desensitized Explosive)/ Health: Some are toxic and may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Trinitrobenzene, wetted with not less than 30% water/GUIDE 113 FLAMMABLE SOLIDS - TOXIC (Wet/Desensitized Explosive)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. Isolate spill or leak area immediately for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind, uphill and/or upstream. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. /Trinitrobenzene, wetted with not less than 30% water/GUIDE 113 FLAMMABLE SOLIDS - TOXIC (Wet/Desensitized Explosive)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. /Trinitrobenzene, wetted with not less than 30% waterFor more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Brandbekämpfung | Excerpt from ERG Guide 113 [Flammable Materials (Wet / Desensitized Explosive)]:Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]: |
| Freisetungsmaßnahmen | · CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. |
| Erste Hilfe | Excerpt from ERG Guide 113 [Flammable Materials (Wet / Desensitized Explosive)]:Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]:General First Aid: |
| Expositionsschutz und Persönliche Schutzausrüstung | · Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). |
| Brandbekämpfungsverfahren | If material is on fire and conditions permit, do not extinguish. Cool exposures using unattended monitors. If fire must be extinguished, use any agent appropriate for the burning material. ... If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Notify local health and fire officials and pollution control agencies. Cool exposed containers from unattended equipment or remove intact containers if it can be done safely. If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increases in volume and pitch, tank discolors, or shows any signs of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position. ... The only respirators recommended for firefighting are self-contained breathing apparatuses that are operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode.If material on fire or involved in fire: Dangerously explosive. Do not fight fires in a cargo of explosives. Evacuate area and let burn. /Trinitrobenzene/If material on fire or involved in fire: Solid streams of water may spread fire. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use dry chemical, graphite, or dry earth. /Trinitrobenzene, wetted (with not less than 10% water, by mass)/If material on fire or involved in fire: Dangerously explosive. Flood with water. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. /Trinitrobenzene, wetted (with not less than 30% water, by mass)/Evacuation: If material is on fire or involved in fire consider evacuation of one (1) mile radius. /TrinitrobenzeneTrinitrobenzene, wetted (with not less than 30% water, by mass)/ |
| Lagerbedingungen | Treat as an explosive. ... Store separately from all other flammable materials. Prior to working with this chemical you should be trained on its proper handling and storage. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat, explosives, oxidizable materials. Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames, are prohibited where this chemical is used, handled, or stored in a manner that could create a potential fire or explosion hazard. Use only nonsparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing containers of this chemical. |
| Reinigungsverfahren | Evacuate and restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until cleanup is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Ventilate area of spill or leak. Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, peat, carbon, or a similar material and deposit in sealed containers. Keep this chemical out of a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion, unless the sewer is designed to prevent the buildup of explosive concentrations. It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. |
| Freisetung ohne Brand | Excerpt from ERG Guide 113 [Flammable Materials (Wet / Desensitized Explosive)]:Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]: |
| Entsorgungsverfahren | Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U234, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.Dissolve in a combustible solvent and spray into an incinerator equipped with afterburner and scrubber.A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids.A potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Preventive Measures | If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep spilled material wet. Wet spilled material before picking it up. Do not attempt to sweep up dry material. /Trinitrobenzene/If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of warer sources and sewers. Keep spilled material wet. Do not attempt to sweep up dry material. /Trinitrobenzene, wetted (with not less than 30% water, by mass)/If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Cover all suspected material with wet sand or earth to prevent ignition until material can be permanently disposed of. /Trinitrobenzene, wetted (with not less than 10% water, by mass)/Personnel protection: Avoid breathing dusts, and fumes from burning material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. ... /Trinitrobenzene/For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Isolation and Evacuation | Excerpt from ERG Guide 113 [Flammable Materials (Wet / Desensitized Explosive)]:Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]:Immediate precautionary measure |
| Protective Action Criteria (PAC) | 1.5 [mg/m3]16 [mg/m3]54 [mg/m3] |
| Treatment | Treatment is mainly symptomatic and may include gastric lavage and/or the administration of activated charcoal. Benzodiazepine may be administered if seizures occur. If methemoglobinemia is evident, 1 to 2 mg/kg of 1% methylene blue should be administered via IV. (T36) |
| Zielorgane | Hematologic |
| Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen | Chronic exposure to 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene can cause a reduction (or loss) in the number of red blood cells (anemia). 1,3,5-TNB may also have neurotoxic effects. (L199, A136) |
| Ökotoxizitätswerte | EC50Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea)Conditions: freshwater, staticConcentration: 2700 ug/L for 48 hrEffect: intoxication, immobile /formulated product/LC50Species: Pimephales promelas (Fathead minnow)Concentration: 1030 ug/L for 96 hr /formulated product/Species: Pimephales promelas (Fathead minnow) size 2.4 cm, weight 0.28 gConcentration: 1100 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence limit: 1000 to 1200 ug/L) /95-99% purity/Species: Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill) age 20-36 wk, size 29-40 mm, weight 0.64-1.82 gConcentration: 850 ug/L for 96 hr (95% confidence limit: 520 to 1380 ug/L) />99.9% purity/For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Umweltverhalten | TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1680(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.7X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 6.44X10-6 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 492 mg/L(4). 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). Three 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene contaminated soils with initial concentrations of 127-179 mg/kg showed 93-99.2% reduction after 238 days with controlled flooding, tilling and addition of grass clippings(5). 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene was degraded an average of 93.5% in 3 days at room temperature in three different soils(6), suggesting that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1680(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.7X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 6.44X10-6 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 492 mg/L(5). 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(3). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow of 1.18(7) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene degraded (up to 100% in 85 days) aerobically in five river waters, faster degradation was noted in water with higher dissolved organic carbon content(8), suggesting that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, which has a vapor pressure of 6.44X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC)the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 34 years(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.3X10-15 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC), that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). |
| Unerwünschte Wirkungen | Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation. |
| Expositionspfade | Oral (L199)inhalation (L199)dermal (L199) |
| Toxizitätsübersicht | IDENTIFICATION AND USE: 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene (TNB) is a solid. It is used as an explosive, as a vulcanizing agent for natural rubber, and as an indicator for pH 12.0-14.0. HUMAN STUDIES: TNB is alleged to have caused optic neuritis and amblyopia. Chronic intoxication also is said to have caused yellowing of the conjunctiva or sclera. These reports of intoxication and ocular disturbances have come from the munitions industry where commonly there is exposure to a variety of substances, and it is difficult to be sure of the individual substance responsible. TNB was found toxic in TK6 human lymphoblastic cells. ANIMAL STUDIES: Male rats were gavaged with TNB at 35.5 and 71 mg/kg in corn oil. Blood was collected 5 hr and 24 hr after a single oral dose or 24 hr after daily oral doses for 4 or 10 d in four different sets of experiments. A dose-dependent methemoglobinemia was present only in blood collected 5 hr after a single dose. A highly significant dose-dependent anemia with reduced red cells, hemoglobin, and hematocrit was present in rats receiving TNB for 4 or 10 d. In a 90-day oral toxicity study of TNB, kidneys in male rats receiving TNB at dose levels of 67, 400 and 800 ppm TNB had an increased incidence of cytoplasmic hyaline droplets in proximal cortical tubular epithelial cells at all treatment levels. However, a diagnosis of alpha-2-u-globulin nephropathy was not deemed appropriate since there was no significant increase in single cell necrosis, no presence of granular casts or linear papillary mineralization or increased tubular hyperplasia. A 90-day toxicity test of TNB in mice revealed treatment-related changes in spleen (erythroid cell hyperplasia) and in testis (seminiferous tubule degeneration) in the 750 ppm TNB group. The carcinogenic activity of TNB was studied in mouse skin and lung tumor assays. A single application of 10 or 50 mg of TNB to the skin of mice increased the incidence of inflammation, epidermal hyperplasia and dark cells. TNB was found negative in assay for initiation-promotion of skin carcinogenicity. In rats, TNB-mediated tissue damage is accompanied by breakdown of the blood-brain barrier. The presence of vacuolation and associated extravasated serum proteins in TNB-treated rats is an indication of vasogenic brain edema, which appears to be a critical event in TNB toxicity. Sperm depletion and degeneration of the seminiferous tubules were noted in a reproduction study in rats. Mutagenicity was evaluated with the Salmonella fluctuation test (FT) and the V79 Chinese hamster lung cell mutagenicity assay. The fluctuation test results indicated that TNB was mutagenic. However, TNB was not mutagenic for the V79 mammalian cells with or without metabolic activation. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: Slight irritant effects suggesting respiratory distress upon short term exposure to marine fish Kuhlia sandvicensis were observed at exposure levels of 100 ug/L, while moderate and violent reactions to the chemical were produced at exposures of 1,000 and 10,000 ug/L. Results from the hydra assay of TNB indicated the minimal affective concentrations required to elicit a toxic response in the adult hydra and in the regenerating hydra were 3.8 ug/mL and 1.8 ug/mL, respectively.In the red blood cell, 1,3,5-TNB induces formation of methemoglobin, leading to cyanosis. Reduction of the nitrogroup(s) of 1,3,5-TNB produces reactive nitroaromatic radical anions which redox cycle to produce other reactive species such as superoxide anion. Redox cycling of these intermediates probably causes the methemoglobinemia. 1,3,5-TNB may also exert neurotoxic effects by damaging the blood-brain barrier.(L199, A136) |
| Ökotoxizitätsauszüge | /AQUATIC SPECIES/ Slight irritant effects ie, excitability, violent swimming, opercular movement increases suggesting respiratory distress upon short term exposure to marine fish Kuhlia sandvicensis were observed at exposure levels of 100 ug/L, while moderate and violent reactions to the chemical were produced at exposures of 1,000 and 10,000 ug/L. No effects were noted on exposures to concentrations of 50 or 10 ug/L./AQUATIC SPECIES/ The acute toxicity and bioconcentration factor of a series of nitrobenzene derivatives was determined for the guppy. Toxicity is found to be determined by both hydrophobicity (expressed by the octanol/water partition coefficient) and rate of reduction of the nitro group (expressed by either electrochemical halfwave reduction potential or Hammett sigma values)./AQUATIC SPECIES/ The toxicity of the explosives 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (royal demolition explosive [RDX])and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (high-melting explosive [HMX]), was evaluated in spiked sediment with two freshwater invertebrates. The midge Chironomus tentans and the amphipod Hyalella azteca demonstrated significant toxic effects after exposure to TNT and its degradation products, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB) and 2,4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene (2,4-DANT). Significant reductions in survival of C. tentans exposed to TNT, TNB, and 2,4-DANT were observed at nominal sediment concentrations as low as 200 mg/kg. Hyalella azteca was more sensitive to TNT, TNB, and 2,4-DANT than the midge, where significant reductions in survival were observed at nominal concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, respectively. Survival of the midge and the amphipod was unaffected after exposure to RDX or HMX at the highest concentrations of 1,000 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. Growth of the midge, measured as total weight, was significantly reduced by 2,4-DANT. However, significantly increased growth was observed after exposure to sublethal concentrations of RDX and HMX. Although significant reductions in amphipod survival were observed at high concentrations of TNB, growth was significantly increased at sublethal concentrations. The results of the current investigation suggest that organisms exposed to explosives at contaminated sites may be affected at concentrations less than 25 mg/kg through hormetic growth enhancement and at higher concentrations through increased mortality./AQUATIC SPECIES/ ... Results from the hydra assay of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB) indicated the minimal affective concentrations required to elicit a toxic response in the adult hydra and in the regenerating hydra were 3.8 ug/mL and 1.8 ug/mL, respectively.For more Ecotoxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Signs and Symptoms | Exposure to high concentrations of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene can reduce the ability of blood to carry oxygen and can cause skin bluishing. Other symptoms nclude headache, nausea, and dizziness. (L199) |
| Effluent Concentrations | 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene was detected in plant effluent from the production and purification of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)54 samples were collected over a period of 1 year with 3.8% reported as positive (detection limit not reported), concentration ranging from 0.06 to 0.30 mg/L(1). |
| EPA IRIS Information | 1,3,5-TrinitrobenzeneHematologic3 x 10 ^-2 mg/kg-day |
| CERCLA-Meldepflichtmengen | Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 10 lb or 4.54 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b). |
| DHS Chemicals of Interest (COI) | TrinitrobenzeneA Commercial Grade5000400Explosive chemical that can be released at a facility. |
| Landesrichtlinien für Trinkwasser | (MN) MINNESOTA 0.3 ug/L(FL) FLORIDA 60 ug/L |
| Wassergefährdungsklasse (WGK) | 2 |
| TSCA-Inventar-Status | TSCA listed |
| UN-Transportnummer | UN 3367 4.1/PG I (TRINITROBENZENE, WETTED, with not less than 10 % water by mass) |
| RTECS-Nr. | DC3850000 |
| R-Sätze (R) | 1-26/27/28-33-37/38-50/53-2-36/37/38-23/24/25-11-43-41-63-45-52/53-36-20/21/22-3-67-40 |
| Toxizität | LD50 orally in rats: 275 mg/kg (Toxicological Profile) |
| Gefahrensymbole | E,T+,N,T,F,Xn |
| Sicherheitshinweise (S) | 35-45-60-61-27-16-36/37-24/25-23-53-26-28 |
| Gefahrenklasse | 1.1D |
| Verpackungsgruppe | II |
| Gefahrstoffdaten | 99-35-4(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Anwendungen & Verwendung
Verwenden
Explosive. 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene is a vulcanizing agent for natural rubber. Indicator for pH 12.0-14.0.