2-Vinylpyridin

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention .

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

ALL OPERATIONS INVOLVING HANDLING ... SHOULD BE CONDUCTED IN WELL-VENTILATED CONDITIONS; PROCESS PLANT SHOULD ... BE ENCLOSED & FITTED WITH LOCAL EXHAUST VENTILATION.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

ACUTE TOXICITY INFORMATION ON ANIMALS & EXPERIENCE WITH INTERMITTENT EXPOSURES IN MAN SHOW THAT MORE THAN ORDINARY CARE IS NEEDED TO AVOID SKIN CONTACT & INHALATION.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 160(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.54(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 2-vinylpyridine is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). 2-Vinylpyridine has a pKa of 4.98(6), which indicates that this compound will partially exist in the protonated form in moist acidic soils, and cations adsorb more strongly to soils than neutral molecules. Therefore, the mobility of 2-vinylpyridine is expected to be much lower in acidic soils than in neutral or alkaline soil(SRC). Volatilization of the neutral species of 2-vinylpyridine from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.6X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(4), however, the protonated form will not volatilize(SRC). The potential for volatilization of 2-vinylpyridine from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2.6 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(5). Biodegradation of 2-vinylpyridine in soil is not expected to be a major fate process based on a single aerobic screening test showing that 2-vinylpyridine was not biodegraded over a 4-week period(2).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 160(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.54(2)and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 2-vinylpyridine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.6X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 10 and 80 days, respectively(SRC). The pKa of 2-vinylpyridine is 4.98(7), indicating this compound will partially exist in the ionized form in acidic waters and cations do not volatilize(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), a estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation of 2-vinylpyridine in water is not expected to be a major fate process based on a single aerobic screening test showing that 2-vinylpyridine was not biodegraded over a 4 week period(2).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2-vinylpyridine, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 2.6 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2-vinylpyridine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically- produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 6.8 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.67X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Vapor-phase 2-vinylpyridine is also degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with ozone(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 13 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.1X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC), determined using a structure estimation method(3).

Cough. Headache. Nausea. Sore throat.

MAY BE ABSORBED! Redness. Serious skin burns. Pain. Further see Inhalation.

Redness. Pain.

Further see Inhalation.

2-Vinylpyridine was detected in 2 of 21 industrial categories of wastewater effluents(1). Extract from the wastewater of a public owned sewage treatment works contained 2-vinylpyridine at an average concn of 68 mg/l; and the extract from wastewater of a rubber processing facility contained 2-vinylpyridine at an average concn of 209 mg/l(1).

The Koc of 2-vinylpyridine is estimated as 160(SRC), using a measured log Kow of 1.54(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 2-vinylpyridine is expected to have moderate mobility in soil. The pKa of 2-vinylpyridine is 4.98(4), which indicates that this compound will partially exist in the protonated form under acidic conditions. Cations adsorb more strongly to soil surfaces than neutral molecules thus adsorption of 2-vinylpyridine is expected to be greater in acidic soils(SRC).

2-Vinylpyridine (CAS # 100-60-6, 97.34%) was evaluated for subchronic oral toxicity in Crl:CD rats (30/sex/dose level) gavaged with doses of 0, 20, 60, or 180 mg/kg/day, 5 days/week for approximately 43 or 92 days. Three female rats (2/30 at 180 mg/kg/day, 1/30 at 60 mg/kg/day) died of a potential toxic cause on Days 15, 65, and 42, respectively. High dose rats exhibited clinical signs including convulsions and sialorrhea. A high dose regimen was also associated with diminished weight gain with decreased feed consumption in males, reduced feed consumption in 92-day females, slight platelet count elevations (males and females), and slightly depressed aspartate aminotransferase activity in males. On necropsy, "relevent lesions" in the study lethalities included pulmonary congestion and hemorrhage and sanguinous nasal discharge in the 65-day high dose female; congested lungs in the 15-day high dose female; salivation and hyperemic lungs in the 42-day 60 mg/kg female. While microscopic examination suggested gavage error as cause of death in 2 lethalities, one high-dose female exhibited slight congestion of lungs, liver, and kidneys, and minor hemorrhage of the thymus. At terminal necropsy, organ weights were increased, including relative liver (60, 180 mg/kg/day males and females), kidney (all-dose males and 180 mg/kg females), brain (180 mg/kg/day males), adrenal (20, 180 mg/kg/day males), testes (180 mg/kg/day males), and ovary (180 mg/kg/day females) weights. Increased organ weights were also significant on Interim 43-day sacrifice, including relative liver (60, 180 mg/kg males; 180 mg/kg females), kidney (180 mg/kg males), brain (20, 180 mg/kg males), adrenal (20, 180 mg/kg/day males), and testes (20, 180 mg/kg/day males) weights; absolute heart and relative heart to brain ratios were significantly decreased in 92-day males, while 43-day 20 mg/kg/day females had increased relative heart to brain ratios. Both 60 and 180 mg/kg/day regimens in males and females were associated with hemorrhage and thickening of the epithelial nonglandular stomach, the epithelial expansion attributable to acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, acute inflammatory cell infiltrates, and cytodegenerative necrosis on microscopic exam. Treatment-related lesions were not observed in 20 mg/kg/day males or females.

BRIEF EXPOSURES TO UNDETERMINED CONCN OF /2-VINYLPYRIDINE/ DURING LAB USE ... CAUSED EYE, NOSE & THROAT IRRITATION ... HEADACHE, NAUSEA, NERVOUSNESS, & ANOREXIA. SYSTEMIC SYMPTOMS ARE MILD TO TRANSIENT RESEMBLING THOSE OBSERVED WITH PYRIDINE EXPOSURES ... APPARENTLY PRODUCED BY LOWER CONCN.

DIRECT SKIN CONTACT WITH THE LIQUID RESULTS IN BURNING PAIN, FOLLOWED BY FAIRLY SEVERE SKIN BURNS IN SPITE OF IMMEDIATE ATTEMPTS TO CLEANSE THE SKIN. BURNS DEVELOP REDDISH BROWN COLOR THAT DISAPPEARS IN ... ABOUT 1 MO. SKIN SENSITIZATION HAS BEEN OBSERVED ... .

AT ... CONCN ... /ABOVE 0.5 PPM 2-VINYLPYRIDINE HAS/ A VERY UNPLEASANT NAUSEATING ODOR. ... THE UNPLEASANT ODOR CAN BE TOLERATED @ CONCN THAT WILL PRODUCE ACUTE SYMPTOMS & IRRITATIONS.

INHALATION TOXICITY OF 4-VINYLPYRIDINE IS GREATER THAN ... 2-VINYLPYRIDINE, & 4-VINYLPYRIDINE IS DEFINITELY MORE IRRITATING TO MUCOUS MEMBRANES.

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for 2-VINYLPYRIDINE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

2-Vinylpyridine's production and use as a monomer for polyvinylpyridine polymers used as tire-cord binders(1), in synthetic rubbers, photographic film, ion exchange resins as well as in pharmaceuticals(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for 2-vinylpyridine(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.54(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 2-vinylpyridine is estimated as 3.6X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 2-vinylpyridine is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 10 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 80 days(SRC). 2-Vinylpyridine's Henry's Law constant(1) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). However, 2-vinylpyridine is a weak base with a pKa of 4.98(4), which indicates this compound will partially exist in the protonated form in acidic conditions; cations do not volatilize from either moist soil or water surfaces. The potential for volatilization of 2-vinylpyridine from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2.6 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).