n-Butylamin

Nitrogen Compounds -> Amines, Aliphatic

Flammable agents - 3rd degree

log Kow = 0.97

0.97

0.86

0.74

Amine odor

... Fishy, ammonia-like odor.

0.741 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.7327 at 25 °C/4 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.74

0.732-0.740

0.74

0.7327 @ 20°C

Soluble (>=10 mg/ml) (NTP, 1992)

Miscible with alcohol, ether

In water, 1X10+6 mg/L (miscible) at 25 °C

1000 mg/mL at 20 °C

Solubility in water: miscible

Danger

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Danger

H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Chemical: 1-Butanamine

Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 (Repealed by Com. Implementing Reg. (EU) No 872/2012)

1-Butanamine is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of 1-Butanamine are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)

REACH registered substance: Butylamine (EC: 203-699-2)

1-Butanamine: HSNO Approval: HSR001090 Approved with controls

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic oxides of nitrogen may form in fire.

· Flammable/combustible material.

Highly flammable. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Vapour/air mixtures are explosive.

Inhalation causes irritation, nausea, vomiting, headache, faintness, severe coughing and chest pains; can cause lung edema. Ingestion causes severe irritation of mouth and stomach. Contact with eyes causes severe irritation and edema of the cornea. Contact with skin causes burns; absorption through skin may cause nausea, vomiting and shock. (USCG, 1999)

· May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested.

Liquid will burn skin; [CHRIS] Highly corrosive to skin; [Quick CPC] n-Butylamine can cause severe skin and eye burns as well as respiratory tract irritation and, potentially, pulmonary edema. [ACGIH] A corrosive substance that can cause pulmonary edema; [ICSC]

1125 132

1125 132

European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset, Butylamine (CAS # 109-73-9) (2000) gives information on usage patterns, ecotoxicity, and toxicity provided to the European Union by industry.

Anon; Dangerous Prop Ind Mater Rep, 6(2): 45-48 (1986) Safety of butylamine

Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety p.1 (1990). Chemical safety information sheet.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 132 [Flammable Liquids - Corrosive]:

Use water in large amounts, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

General First Aid:

(General first aid procedures)

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

2.0 [ppm]

Use water spray, dry chemical, "alcohol resistant" foam, or carbon dioxide. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Approach fire from upwind to avoid hazardous vapors and toxic decomposition products.

Do not use a solid stream of water because the stream will scatter and spread the fire. ... Fire fighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full set of protective clothing.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Fire Fighting: Use self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode.

Store in closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area.

Outside or detached storage is preferred. Separate from oxidizing materials, acids, and sources of halogens. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location.

Evacuate and restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until cleanup is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Establish forced ventilation to keep levels below explosive limit. Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, peat, carbon, or a similar material and deposit in sealed containers. It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Contact your Department of Environmental Protection or your regional office of the federal EPA for specific recommendations. If employees are required to clean-up spills, they must be properly trained and equipped. OSHA 1910.120(q) may be applicable. /Butyl Amines/

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Ventilation. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent and remove to safe place. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus.

1. Remove all ignition sources. 2. Ventilate area of spill or leak. 3. For small quantities, absorb on paper towels. Evaporate in a safe place (such as fume hood). Allow sufficient time for evaporating vapors to completely clear the hood ductwork. ... butylamine should not be allowed to enter a confined space, such as sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion. Sewers designed to preclude the formation of explosive concentrations of butylamine vapors are permitted.

Environmental considerations-land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. Apply appropriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard. Neutralize with sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4).

For more Cleanup Methods (Complete) data for N-BUTYLAMINE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Incineration; incinerator is equipped with a scrubber or thermal unit to reduce NOx emissions. Alternatively it may be poured into sodium bisulfate, neutralized and flushed with water.

/Absorb small spills with paper and/ burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be reclaimed or collected & atomized in suitable combustion chamber equipped with appropriate effluent gas cleaning device.

LC50 Leuciscus idus /Freshwater fish, Ide or Orfe/ 171 mg/L/96 hr; freshwater.

LC50 Brine shrimp 30-70 ppm for 24 hr. /static bioassay/

EC50; Species: Anabaena subcylindrica (Blue-green algae, axenic, 1-3x 10+7 cells/mL); Conditions: freshwater, static, 25 °C, pH 7.2; Concentration: 0.012 ug/cell for < or = 3 hr; Effect: decreased nitrogen fixation

EC50; Species: Anabaena subcylindrica (Blue-green algae, axenic, 1-3x 10+7 cells/mL); Conditions: freshwater, static, 25 °C, pH 7.2; Concentration: 1.8x10-8 ug/cell for < or = 3 hr; Effect: decreased photosynthesis, oxygen production

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for N-BUTYLAMINE (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values ranging from 15 to 107(2) indicate that n-butylamine is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of n-butylamine is 10.78(3) indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the cation form in the environment and therefore volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). The potential for volatilization of n-butylamine from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 92.9 mm Hg(4). Numerous screening studies indicate that n-butylamine will biodegrade readily(5-8); n-butylamine reached 67% of its theoretical BOD in 12 days using an activated sludge inoculum(5).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), a Koc value range of 15 to 107 in soil and sediment(2), indicates that n-butylamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). A pKa of 10.78(3) indicates n-butylamine will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Numerous screening studies indicate that n-butylamine will biodegrade readily(8-11); n-butylamine reached 67% of its theoretical BOD in 12 days using an activated sludge inoculum(8).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), n-butylamine, which has a vapor pressure of 92.9 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase n-butylamine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 11 hours(SRC) from its estimated rate constant of 3.4X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3).

n-Butylamine has been detected to occur naturally in the following foods: kale, 7 ppm; pickles: cucumbers in aromatic vinegar, 0.6 ppm, cucumbers pickled with mustard, 5.3 ppm; cheese: Tilsiter, 3.7 ppm, Camembert and Limburger, not detected; brown bread, 1.1 ppm(1). Not detected in: spinach, red cabbage, cauliflower, white beet, carrot, red beet, large raddish, red radish, celery(1). n-Butylamine has been identified as a volatile component of boiled beef, concn unknown(2).

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour, through the skin and by ingestion.

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

... The presence of volatile aliphatic amines ... in human breast milk and amniotic fluid /was measured/ to assess their role in neonatal hypergastrinemia. These volatile nitrogenous amino acid metabolites have been previously demonstrated to stimulate gastrin release in in vivo and in vitro laboratory preparations. ... The present study ... demonstrated that these gastrin-stimulatory volatile amines were present in significant concentrations in breast milk during the first several weeks after parturition and in amniotic fluid. The individual amines that were identified in both human milk and amniotic fluid samples were methylamine, dimethylamine, ethylamine, trimethylamine, propylamine, isobutylamine, and butylamine. This study provides indirect evidence to support the possibility that the hypergastrinemia measured in the fetus/neonate during the period immediately before and after birth may be attributable, in part, to the ingestion of fluid containing high concentrations of gastrin-stimulating amines.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Of 78 binary mixtures of equitoxic concns of 13 amines, the ethyl amine-aniline mixture (I-II) showed the greatest (32-fold) toxicity potentiation in a /freshwater algae/ Scenedesmus subspicatus reproduction test. ... Combining I with Butylamine ... potentiated the toxicity 8-fold.

Sore throat. Cough. Burning sensation. Headache. Flushing of the face. Vomiting. Dizziness. Shortness of breath. Laboured breathing. Symptoms may be delayed.

MAY BE ABSORBED! Pain. Redness. Blisters. Skin burns.

Pain. Redness. Severe deep burns. Loss of vision.

Burning sensation. Abdominal pain. Diarrhoea. Nausea. Vomiting. Shock or collapse.

irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; headache; skin flush, burns

In 16 finished water concentrates collected from advanced waste treatment plants across the US, n-butylamine was detected, but not quantified, in 1087 of 2097 detection instances(1). In a laboratory study, n-butylamine was detected in the automobile exhaust of two gasoline fueled vehicles, concn not specified(2).

This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. n-Butylamine is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 1000 lb or 454 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

Butylamine is designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates, as well as any solutions and mixtures containing this substance.

... Recovered little ... n-butylamine in the urine after oral administration of the hydrochloride of this compound to humans ...

Amines are well absorbed from gut & respiratory tract. /Aliphatic amines/

Used as an intermediate in the synthesis of dyes, drugs, rubber additives, emulsifiers, tanning agents, and insecticides; also used as a vulcanizing accelerator for rubber and as a curing agent for polymers; [NIOSH Guidelines for Chemical Hazards]

Plastic Composites Manufacturing [Category: Industry]

Monobutylamine is an intermediate for the production of plasticizers (e.g., the rubber accelerator dibutylthiourea), agrochemicals (e.g., DuPont's fungicide benomyl), pharmaceuticals (e.g., the antidiabetic tolbutamide), emulsifying agents, dyes, and UV absorbers.

Int for pharmaceuticals, dyestuffs, synthetic tanning agents, rubber chemicals, insecticides, emulsifying agents, and synthetic tanning agents

CHEM INT FOR RUBBER ACCELERATORS, EG, DIBUTYLTHIOUREA, VULCANIZING AGENTS, ANTIOXIDANTS-EG, NICKEL DIBUTYLTHIOCARBAMATE, BENOMYL, A CARBAMATE FUNGICIDE, TOLBUTAMIDE, A HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT

FLAVOR USEFUL IN SEAFOOD & CHOCOLATE

2023: 1,000,000 - <5,000,000 lb

(1978) 1.86X10+9 G

(1982) 1.11X10+9 G

Production volumes for non-confidential chemicals reported under the Inventory Update Rule. [Table#1456]

This chemical is listed as a High Production Volume (HPV) (65FR81686). Chemicals listed as HPV were produced in or imported into the U.S. in >1 million pounds in 1990 and/or 1994. The HPV list is based on the 1990 Inventory Update Rule. (IUR) (40 CFR part 710 subpart B; 51FR21438).

REACTION OF AMMONIA & N-BUTYL ALCOHOL AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE IN THE PRESENCE OF A SILICA-ALUMINA CATALYST; REDUCTIVE AMINATION OF N-BUTYRALDEHYDE (NON-US PROCESS)

... By reduction of butyraldoxime ... Usually mfr by catalytic alkylation of ammonia with butyl alc: Davies et al, US patent 2,609,394 (1954 to ICI); Hindley, Fisher, US patent 2,782,237 (1957 to British Celanese); Lemon, Myerly, US patent 3,022,349 (1962 to Union Carbide); Shirley, Speranza US patent 3,128,311 (1964 to Jefferson Chem). Mfr from butyraldehyde & ammonia in presence of Raney nickel: Brimer et al, US patent 2,518,659 (1950 to Eastman Kodak).

Catalytic alkylation of ammonia with butyl alcohol.

Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENT -> JECFA Functional Classes

Flavoring Agents -> JECFA Flavorings Index

Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENT -> JECFA Functional Classes

All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing

1-Butanamine: ACTIVE

Aziridines are hydrogenated in the presence of typical hydrogenation catalysts to give alkyl amines.