Butan-1-thiol

Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]:

Use alcohol-resistant foam, powder, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Refer for medical attention .

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for n-Butyl mercaptan:

General First Aid:

(General first aid procedures)

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

0.5 [ppm]

Alcohol foam. Water may be ineffective.

If material /is/ on fire or involved in /a/ fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may spread fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants, acids.

... Acids should not be stored in close proximity to /butyl mercaptan/.

If n-butyl mercaptan is spilled or leaked, the following steps should be taken: 1. Remove all ignition sources. 2. Ventilate area of spill or leak. 3. For small quantities of liquids contaning n-butyl mercaptan, absorb on paper towels and place in an appropriate container. Place towels in a safe place such as a fume hood for evaporation. Allow sufficient time for evaporation of the vapors so that the the hood ductwork is free from n-butyl mercaptan vapors. Burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. 4. Large quantities of liquids containing n-butyl mercaptan may be absorbed in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar material and placed in an appropriate container. n-Butyl mercaptan should not be allowed to enter a confined space such as a sewer because of the possibility of an explosion. 5. Liquids containing n-butyl mercaptan may be collected by vacuuming with an appropriate system. If a vacuum system is used, there should be no sources of ignition in the vicinity of the spill, and flashback prevention devices should be provided.

Evacuate danger area! Remove all ignition sources. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent and remove to safe place. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Ethyl mercaptan is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration (2,000 °F) followed by scrubbing with a caustic solution. /Ethyl mercaptan/

Incineration ...: Incinerate scrap material under controlled conditions using afterburner and a scrubber to neutralize sulfur dioxide ... . /Ethyl mercaptan/

A potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids. A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. /Mmethyl mercaptan/

Evacuate danger area! Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Remove all ignition sources. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT wash away into sewer.

... We tested whether propanol, butanol, propanethiol, and butanethiol enhance the effect of glycine on alpha1 glycine receptors expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes in a manner that reflects the in vivo differences found for potencies /was tested/. As anticipated, we found an immediate parallel between in vivo (rat minimum alveolar concentration of anesthetic required to eliminate movement in response to a noxious stimulus in 50% of subjects) and in vitro (recombinant receptor) effects. All four compounds enhanced the effect of glycine on wild type receptors, and the extent of enhancement for a given minimum alveolar concentration-multiple was approximately the same for all compounds. We also found that propanethiol, butanethiol, propanol, and butanol did not affect, or minimally affected, the action of glycine in anesthetic resistant mutants in which the amino acid serine at position 267 was replaced by glutamine [alpha1(S267Q)]. The in vivo potencies of propanethiol, butanethiol, propanol, and butanol correlate with their capacities to enhance the effect of glycine on alpha1 glycine receptors expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes.

EC50 Scenedesmus subspicatus (Green algae; growth inhibition) 1068.3-5478.24 mg/L/96 hr; static

LC50 Ictalurus punctatus (Channel catfish) 1100-3600 mg/L/96 hr; static /formulated product/

LC50 Lepomis macrochirus 7.4 mg/L/24 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified in source examined/

LC50 Lepomis macrochirus 5.5 mg/L/48 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified in source examined/

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 410(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 2.28(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1-butyl mercaptan is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1-butyl mercaptan from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 4.54X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(4). 1-Butyl mercaptan is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 45.5 mm Hg(5). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2005).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 410(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 2.28(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1-butyl mercaptan is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 4.54X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 hours and 4 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 11(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2005), however an anaerobic lysimeter study of a contaminated dump aquifer in Germany showed a decrease in 1-butyl mercaptan concentration within 5 m of source input(7).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1-butyl mercaptan, which has a vapor pressure of 45.5 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1-butyl mercaptan is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 9 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.1X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). 1-Butyl mercaptan does not absorb light at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.

inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ In 21-day studies, concentrations greater than 80 mg/L caused significant and persistent increases in methemoglobin in the catfish starting on day 2. The concentration in water that can cause tainting of fish and other aquatic organisms is 60 mg/L.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Indicators of free-radical or oxidant mediated responses were quantified in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus exposed to the organophosphorus herbicide DEF and its metabolite, n-butyl mercaptan. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase did not vary significantly with toxicant or dose. The concentration of reduced glutathione and malondialdehyde did not vary significantly with toxicant or dose. The percentage of methemoglobin increased in the n-butyl mercaptan exposed fish with dose, up to 16.5% of total hemoglobin. The DEF exposed catfish had no significant increases in methemoglobin compared to controls.

Weakness. Confusion. Cough. Dizziness. Drowsiness. Headache. Nausea. Vomiting. Shortness of breath.

Redness. Pain.

Redness. Pain.

See Inhalation.

irritation eyes, skin; muscle weak, malaise (vague feeling of discomfort), sweating, nausea, vomiting, headache, confusion; In Animals: narcosis, incoordination, lassitude (weakness, exhaustion); cyanosis, pulmonary irritation; liver, kidney damage

Prior to placing a worker in a job with a potential for exposure to n-butyl mercaptan, the physician should evaluate and document the worker's baseline health status with thorough medical, environmental, and occupational histories, a physical examination, and physiologic and laboratory tests appropriate for the anticipated occupational risk. These should concentrate on the function and integrity of the nervous and respiratory systems. Medical surveillance for respiratory disease should be conducted by using the principles and methods recommended by NIOSH and the American Thoracic Society (ATS). A preplacement medical evaluation is recommended in order to detect and assess preexisting or concurrent conditions which may be aggravated or result in increased risk when a worker is exposed to n-butyl mercaptan at or below the NIOSH REL. The examining physician should consider the probable frequency, intensity, and duration of exposure, as well as the nature and degree of the condition, in placing such a worker. Such conditions, which should not be regarded as absolute contraindications to job placement, include chronic diseases of the respiratory system.

New Active Ingredients ... includes pesticide active ingredients initially registered after November 1, 1984, that currently have active product registrations. By law, these newer pesticides are not subject to the reregistration program. They must, however, meet the new safety standard of the FQPA, and will be reviewed on a 15-year cycle under the registration review program. ... Active Ingredient Number: 125001; Type of Pesticide: insecticide - animal repellant; Use Site: non-food use; Year: 1995.